The Alter Rebbe: Difference between revisions
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[[File:רבי שניאור זלמן.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:רבי שניאור זלמן.jpg|thumb]] | ||
Rabbi Schneur Zalman Boruchovitch of Liadi - known as '''the Alter Rebbe''', the Rav HaMaggid of Liozna, or the Baal HaTanya and Shulchan Aruch - (18 Elul 5505 - 24 Teves 5573), was one of the primary disciples of the Maggid of Mezritch. He is the founder of Chabad Chassidus and the first Rebbe in the Chabad dynasty. He authored the Tanya, the foundational text of Chabad Chassidus, and wrote the "Shulchan Aruch HaRav." | Rabbi Schneur Zalman Boruchovitch of Liadi - known as '''the Alter Rebbe''', the Rav HaMaggid of Liozna, or the Baal HaTanya and Shulchan Aruch - (18 Elul 5505 - 24 Teves 5573), was one of the primary disciples of the Maggid of Mezritch. He is the founder of Chabad Chassidus and the first Rebbe in the Chabad dynasty. He authored the Tanya, the foundational text of Chabad Chassidus, and wrote the "Shulchan Aruch HaRav." | ||
[[File:אדמור הזקן - תמונה קטנה.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:אדמור הזקן - תמונה קטנה.jpg|thumb|Portrait of the Alter Rebbe]] | ||
== Early Life == | == Early Life == | ||
{{Chabad}} | {{Chabad}} | ||
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When Prince Lubomirski met the Alter Rebbe, he offered to advocate with the authorities to allow the Rebbe to settle in one of the towns under his jurisdiction. The Alter Rebbe agreed to settle in the town of Liadi, and the prince ordered the construction of homes for the Alter Rebbe and his chassidim. | When Prince Lubomirski met the Alter Rebbe, he offered to advocate with the authorities to allow the Rebbe to settle in one of the towns under his jurisdiction. The Alter Rebbe agreed to settle in the town of Liadi, and the prince ordered the construction of homes for the Alter Rebbe and his chassidim. | ||
On Friday, Erev Shabbos Nachamu, 14 Menachem Av 5561 (1801), the Alter Rebbe, accompanied by 5,000 chassidim, arrived in Liadi. From then on, both the Alter Rebbe and his chassidim experienced relief from the opposition of the misnagdim, and they lived in peace and contentment. During this time, the Alter Rebbe’s communal activities expanded throughout White Russia and Ukraine, resulting in tens of thousands of new chassidim joining the movement. | On Friday, Erev Shabbos Nachamu, 14 Menachem Av 5561 (1801), the Alter Rebbe, accompanied by 5,000 [[Chassid|chassidim]], arrived in Liadi. From then on, both the Alter Rebbe and his chassidim experienced relief from the opposition of the misnagdim, and they lived in peace and contentment. During this time, the Alter Rebbe’s communal activities expanded throughout White Russia and Ukraine, resulting in tens of thousands of new chassidim joining the movement. | ||
== The Napoleonic War == | == The Napoleonic War == | ||
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==== Burial in Haditch ==== | ==== Burial in Haditch ==== | ||
Since there was no Jewish cemetery in Piena, the Alter Rebbe’s body was transported by sled to the town of Haditch, about 300 kilometers away. Along the way, the entourage experienced a frightening incident when a non-kosher animal attempted to enter under the sled. After driving it away, the journey continued without further disturbance. | Since there was no Jewish cemetery in Piena, the Alter Rebbe’s body was transported by sled to the town of Haditch, about 300 kilometers away. Along the way, the entourage experienced a frightening incident when a non-kosher animal attempted to enter under the sled. After driving it away, the journey continued without further disturbance. | ||
[[File:פנים אוהל אדמור הזקן.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:פנים אוהל אדמור הזקן.jpg|thumb|The Resting Place of the Alter Rebbe - Interior View]] | ||
The Alter Rebbe was laid to rest in the Jewish cemetery in Haditch, where an ''ohel'' was later built over his gravesite. Following the burial, the Tzemach Tzedek moved to Haditch to reside near the holy resting place of his grandfather. | The Alter Rebbe was laid to rest in the Jewish cemetery in Haditch, where an ''ohel'' was later built over his gravesite. Following the burial, the Tzemach Tzedek moved to Haditch to reside near the holy resting place of his grandfather. | ||
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== His Written Works == | == His Written Works == | ||
[[File:לקוטי תורה דפוס ראשון.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:לקוטי תורה דפוס ראשון.jpg|thumb|Title Page of the First Printing of Likkutei Torah, Year 5608 (1848)]] | ||
* Igros Kodesh (Alter Rebbe) | * Igros Kodesh (Alter Rebbe) | ||
* Amirah L'Nochri | * Amirah L'Nochri | ||
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There is a tradition among Chabad chassidim that the Alter Rebbe composed ten specific niggunim that have a special segula - bringing those who sing them to spiritual awakening (hisorerus teshuva) and connection of the soul to Elokus. It is customary not to sing these niggunim routinely, but rather at designated times or at appropriate moments. We know the identity of five of these ten niggunim, while the rest are attributed to him but there is uncertainty whether he actually composed them himself. | There is a tradition among Chabad chassidim that the Alter Rebbe composed ten specific niggunim that have a special segula - bringing those who sing them to spiritual awakening (hisorerus teshuva) and connection of the soul to Elokus. It is customary not to sing these niggunim routinely, but rather at designated times or at appropriate moments. We know the identity of five of these ten niggunim, while the rest are attributed to him but there is uncertainty whether he actually composed them himself. | ||
[[File:ארבע בבות.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:ארבע בבות.jpg|thumb|Musical Notes of the Four Stanzas (Arbah Bavos) from Sefer HaNigunim]] | ||
# Avinu Malkeinu | # Avinu Malkeinu | ||
# Keli Atah | # Keli Atah | ||