The Mitteler Rebbe: Difference between revisions
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[[File:אדמו"ר האמצעי.jpg|thumb|200px|The Page Title Of The Mitteler Rebbe's Maamorim]] | [[File:אדמו"ר האמצעי.jpg|thumb|200px|The Page Title Of The Mitteler Rebbe's Maamorim]] | ||
'''The Mitteler Rebbe'''<ref>The title "Ha'Emtzai" (The Middle One) became associated with him after his passing and the ascension of the Rebbe Tzemach Tzedek as his successor. The relatively short leadership of Rabbi Dov Ber created a situation where many Chassidim knew all three Rebbes (the Alter Rebbe, Rabbi Dov Ber, and the Rebbe Tzemach Tzedek). Rabbi Dov Ber, who was the middle one, was called by the name "Admur Ha'Emtzai" (the Middle Rebbe).</ref> (Middle Rebbe), Rabbi DovBer Schneuri - originally in Yiddish "Der Mitteler Rebbe" - (9 Kislev 5534 - 9 Kislev 5588), was the second Rebbe in the dynasty of Chabad Rebbes and successor to his father, [[the Alter Rebbe]]. His nesius (leadership) was characterized by harchava (expansiveness and abundance), and he wrote and delivered thousands of maamarim (Chassidic discourses). He became known as the "Mitteler Rebbe" after his | '''The Mitteler Rebbe'''<ref>The title "Ha'Emtzai" (The Middle One) became associated with him after his passing and the ascension of the Rebbe Tzemach Tzedek as his successor. The relatively short leadership of Rabbi Dov Ber created a situation where many Chassidim knew all three Rebbes (the Alter Rebbe, Rabbi Dov Ber, and the Rebbe Tzemach Tzedek). Rabbi Dov Ber, who was the middle one, was called by the name "Admur Ha'Emtzai" (the Middle Rebbe).</ref> (Middle Rebbe), Rabbi DovBer Schneuri - originally in Yiddish "Der Mitteler Rebbe" - (9 Kislev 5534 - 9 Kislev 5588), was the second Rebbe in the dynasty of Chabad Rebbes and successor to his father, [[the Alter Rebbe]]. His nesius (leadership) was characterized by harchava (expansiveness and abundance), and he wrote and delivered thousands of maamarim (Chassidic discourses). He became known as the "Mitteler Rebbe" after his passing, following the [[The Tzemach Tzedek|Tzemach Tzedek]]'s acceptance of leadership of Chabad. | ||
== Life History == | == Life History == | ||
{{Chabad}} | {{Chabad}} | ||
After 14 years of marriage during which only daughters were born, his father, [[the Alter Rebbe]], traveled to his Rebbe, the Maggid of Mezritch, for a bracha for a son. The Maggid promised that if he would excel in hachnosas orchim (hospitality), he would merit a son, hinting to this from the possuk "Bameh yizakeh naar - es archo<ref>Tehillim 119, 9</ref>" (how shall a young man merit - through his ways/guests). | After 14 years of marriage during which only daughters were born, his father, [[the Alter Rebbe]], traveled to his Rebbe, [[the Maggid of Mezritch]], for a bracha for a son. The Maggid promised that if he would excel in hachnosas orchim (hospitality), he would merit a son, hinting to this from the possuk "Bameh yizakeh naar - es archo<ref>Tehillim 119, 9</ref>" (how shall a young man merit - through his ways/guests). | ||
On the final Shabbos of the Maggid's life, Parshas Vayishlach 5533, he revealed to the Alter Rebbe the inner meanings of the "Shalom Zachar" and "Vach Nacht" ceremonies, promising him a son whom he should name after him (DovBer). | On the final Shabbos of the Maggid's life, Parshas Vayishlach 5533, he revealed to the Alter Rebbe the inner meanings of the "Shalom Zachar" and "Vach Nacht" ceremonies, promising him a son whom he should name after him (DovBer). | ||
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One year later, on 9 Kislev 5534, DovBer was born, the Alter Rebbe's first son. At his birth, his father provided a special piece of fabric to wrap the infant after his first washing<ref>Likutei Diburim vol. 2, p. 225</ref>. | One year later, on 9 Kislev 5534, DovBer was born, the Alter Rebbe's first son. At his birth, his father provided a special piece of fabric to wrap the infant after his first washing<ref>Likutei Diburim vol. 2, p. 225</ref>. | ||
The bris milah was attended by several of the Maggid's greatest talmidim, including Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Vitebsk and Rabbi Avraham of Kalisk. | The bris milah was attended by several of the Maggid's greatest talmidim, including [[Menachem Mendel of Vitebsk|Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Vitebsk]] and [[Avraham of Kalisk (Talmid of the Maggid of Mezritch)|Rabbi Avraham of Kalisk]]. | ||
==== Education ==== | ==== Education ==== | ||
The Alter Rebbe hired a special melamed (teacher) from among the Maggid's talmidim to teach his son Torah and guide his development<ref>The melamed from Liozna, the grandfather of R' Dovber son of R' Pesach the melamed. Sefer HaSichos 5710, p. 395.</ref>. An additional melamed was Reb Avraham of Liepli. | The Alter Rebbe hired a special melamed (teacher) from among the Maggid's talmidim to teach his son Torah and guide his development<ref>The melamed from Liozna, the grandfather of R' Dovber son of R' Pesach the melamed. Sefer HaSichos 5710, p. 395.</ref>. An additional melamed was Reb Avraham of Liepli. | ||
From his earliest years, his extraordinary | From his earliest years, his extraordinary intellectual abilities were readily apparent. He would engage in scholarly discussions and discourses with his father's senior followers. He had a tremendous aptitude for both the revealed aspects of Torah and the study of Chassidus; but notably he had a special interest in recording his observations of his father's holy practices. From childhood, he was known for his ability to write with exceptional speed and clarity. | ||
==== Bar Mitzvah ==== | ==== Bar Mitzvah ==== | ||
His Bar Mitzvah celebration drew chassidim from throughout the region<ref>A comprehensive and extensive description of the Bar Mitzvah of the Mitteler Rebbe was related by the Rebbe Rayatz on 25 Shevat 5696 (1936), during the Bar Mitzvah celebration of his grandson, B.G. The sicha was printed in Likutei Diburim vol. 2, p. 224b and onward in great detail.</ref>, despite the Alter Rebbe's general rule against chassidim visiting during Cheshvan and Kislev. The rule was suspended for this simcha. | His [[Bar Mitzvah]] celebration was such a special event that it drew chassidim from throughout the region<ref>A comprehensive and extensive description of the Bar Mitzvah of the Mitteler Rebbe was related by the Rebbe Rayatz on 25 Shevat 5696 (1936), during the Bar Mitzvah celebration of his grandson, B.G. The sicha was printed in Likutei Diburim vol. 2, p. 224b and onward in great detail.</ref>, despite the Alter Rebbe's general rule against chassidim visiting during Cheshvan and Kislev. The rule was suspended for this simcha. | ||
On the Bar Mitzvah day - Thursday, 9 Kislev 5547 - candles were lit throughout the beis medrash courtyard, which was specially expanded for the many guests. During krias haTorah, while the Bar Mitzvah bochur didn't receive an aliyah, his father was called for shlishi and afterward recited "Boruch Sheptarani" with Shem uMalchus. | On the Bar Mitzvah day - Thursday, 9 Kislev 5547 - candles were lit throughout the beis medrash courtyard, which was specially expanded for the many guests. During krias haTorah, while the Bar Mitzvah bochur didn't receive an aliyah, his father was called for shlishi and afterward recited "Boruch Sheptarani" with Shem uMalchus. | ||
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==== Marriage ==== | ==== Marriage ==== | ||
In 5548, at age 14, the Mitteler Rebbe was matched with Shaina, daughter of Reb Yaakov, a poor melamed from Yanowitz near Liozna. This shidduch came about when Shaina's father expressed concern to the Alter Rebbe about being unable to focus on his davening due to worry about marrying off his three daughters. The Alter Rebbe suggested his son as a match, knowing this would encourage other chassidim to seek shidduchim with the remaining daughters. | In 5548, at age 14, the Mitteler Rebbe was matched with Shaina, daughter of Reb Yaakov, a poor melamed from Yanowitz near [[Liozna]]. This shidduch came about when Shaina's father expressed concern to the Alter Rebbe about being unable to focus on his davening due to worry about marrying off his three daughters. The Alter Rebbe suggested his son as a match, knowing this would encourage other chassidim to seek shidduchim with the remaining daughters. | ||
==== Guiding the Young Chassidim ==== | ==== Guiding the Young Chassidim ==== | ||
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== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [https:// | * The Mitteler Rebbe's resting place on Google Maps: [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ohel+Mitteler+Rebbe/@51.074346,31.9171283,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1sCIHM0ogKEICAgIDOrcXARQ!2e10!3e12!6shttps:%2F%2Flh3.googleusercontent.com%2Fgps-cs-s%2FAC9h4noP5pRTuyg7DLxeQwOkzfwFudsxq0M7makHIRGHRnxgYtyoy5UW7kFWHxfmhzMcOgk_TyBA9UYdTqRAg5UVi63gU2y9ars31Y7psoJ8B7PwEV-jkMrkgBObXjuCWASVVPOjlOI%3Dw129-h86-k-no!7i5472!8i3648!4m13!1m5!3m4!2zNTHCsDA0JzI3LjQiTiAzMcKwNTUnMDIuNCJF!8m2!3d51.0742778!4d31.9173333!3m6!1s0x412a9c6d6d965f01:0x9b2cceac60714dba!8m2!3d51.0741133!4d31.9175236!10e5!16s%2Fg%2F11csr62n63?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDcwNy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D Photos], [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ohel+Mitteler+Rebbe/@51.0741922,31.9167599,19z/data=!4m12!1m5!3m4!2zNTHCsDA0JzI3LjQiTiAzMcKwNTUnMDIuNCJF!8m2!3d51.0742778!4d31.9173333!3m5!1s0x412a9c6d6d965f01:0x9b2cceac60714dba!8m2!3d51.0741133!4d31.9175236!16s%2Fg%2F11csr62n63?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDcwNy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D location] | ||
* [https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/110442/jewish/The-Mitteler-Rebbe.htm Biography of the Mitteler Rebbe] (Chabad.org) | |||
* The | |||
== References == | |||
[[he:רבי דובער שניאורי (אדמו"ר האמצעי)]] | [[he:רבי דובער שניאורי (אדמו"ר האמצעי)]] | ||
[[Category:Chabad Rebbes]] | [[Category:Chabad Rebbes]] | ||