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{{Chabad}} | {{Chabad}} | ||
'''Chabad-Lubavitch''' is the Chassidic movement founded by [[the Alter Rebbe|Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (the Alter Rebbe)]] dedicated to spreading the teachings of [[the Baal Shem Tov|Rabbi Yisrael ben Elizer (the Baal Shem Tov)]] and [[the Maggid of Mezritch|Rabbi Dovber ben Avraham (the Maggid of Mezritch)]]. Including the Alter Rebbe, there are seven Rebbes of Chabad-Lubavitch. The teachings of Chabad focus on the transformation of the individual to serve [[Hakadosh Baruch Hu (G-d)|the Almighty]] with one's mind and heart, and on the mission of bringing the Jewish People from [[Galus (Exile)]] and to the Geulah (final redemption). | '''Chabad-Lubavitch''' is the Chassidic movement founded by [[the Alter Rebbe|Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (the Alter Rebbe)]] dedicated to spreading the teachings of [[the Baal Shem Tov|Rabbi Yisrael ben Elizer (the Baal Shem Tov)]] and [[the Maggid of Mezritch|Rabbi Dovber ben Avraham (the Maggid of Mezritch)]]. Including the Alter Rebbe, there are seven Rebbes of Chabad-Lubavitch. The teachings of Chabad focus on the transformation of the individual to serve [[Hakadosh Baruch Hu (G-d)|the Almighty]] with one's mind and heart, and on the mission of bringing the Jewish People from [[Galus (Exile)]] and to the Geulah (final redemption). | ||
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== Holidays and customs == | == Holidays and customs == | ||
=== Holidays === | === Holidays === | ||
There are a number of [[Chabad holidays|days marked by the Chabad movement as special days]]. Major holidays include the dates of the release of the Rebbes of the movement from Russian persecution, others corresponded to ''Yom Huledes'' (birthday), ''histalkus'' (passing), and other life events. The days marking the leaders' release, are celebrated by the Chabad movement as ''Yemei Geulah'' ("Days of Liberation"). The most special day is [[Yud Tes Kislev]]—the liberation of the Alter Rebbe, the founder of the Chabad movement. The day is also called ''Rosh Hashanah LaChassidus'' ("New Year of Chassidus").<ref name="sichoscustom"/> The birthdays celebrated each year include [[Chai Elul]] (18 Elul), the birthday of the Alter Rebbe,<ref name="Elul customs">September 6, 2012. Dalfin, Chaim. Chabad Elul Customs. Shmais.com. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref><ref name="ChaiElul">Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson. chabad.org. Chai Elul: Breathing New Life Into Our Divine Service. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref> and [[Yud Aleph Nissan]] (11 Nissan), the birthday of the Rebbe, the seventh rebbe of Chabad.<ref>"Dade Jews throw birthday party for New York Rabbi", David Hancock, ''The Miami Herald'', April 14, 1992</ref> The days of passing (histalkus or [[yartzeit]]) celebrated each year, include [[Yud Shvat]], the ''histalkus'' of [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], the sixth rebbe of Chabad,<ref name="YartzCust"> | There are a number of [[Chabad holidays|days marked by the Chabad movement as special days]]. Major holidays include the dates of the release of the Rebbes of the movement from Russian persecution, others corresponded to ''Yom Huledes'' (birthday), ''histalkus'' (passing), and other life events. The days marking the leaders' release, are celebrated by the Chabad movement as ''Yemei Geulah'' ("Days of Liberation"). The most special day is [[Yud Tes Kislev]]—the liberation of the Alter Rebbe, the founder of the Chabad movement. The day is also called ''Rosh Hashanah LaChassidus'' ("New Year of Chassidus").<ref name="sichoscustom"/> The birthdays celebrated each year include [[Chai Elul]] (18 Elul), the birthday of the Alter Rebbe,<ref name="Elul customs">September 6, 2012. Dalfin, Chaim. Chabad Elul Customs. Shmais.com. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref><ref name="ChaiElul">Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson. chabad.org. Chai Elul: Breathing New Life Into Our Divine Service. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref> and [[Yud Aleph Nissan]] (11 Nissan), the birthday of the Rebbe, the seventh rebbe of Chabad.<ref>"Dade Jews throw birthday party for New York Rabbi", David Hancock, ''The Miami Herald'', April 14, 1992</ref> The days of passing (histalkus or [[yartzeit]]) celebrated each year, include [[Yud Shvat]], the ''histalkus'' of [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], the sixth rebbe of Chabad,<ref name="YartzCust">Yahrtzeit Observances. Chabad.org. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref> and [[Chof Beis Shvat]] (22 Shvat), the ''yartzeit'' of [[Rebbetzin Chaya Mushka Schneerson]], the wife of the Rebbe.<ref>www.chabadinfo.com. Chof Beis Shvat. ''Chabad.info''.Archived December 16, 2013.</ref> | ||
=== ''Minhagim'' (Customs) === | === ''Minhagim'' (Customs) === | ||
Chabad Chassidim follow Chabad ''minhag'' and pray according the [[Nusach Ari]] established by the Alter Rebbe.<ref> | Chabad Chassidim follow Chabad ''minhag'' and pray according the [[Nusach Ari]] established by the Alter Rebbe.<ref>Nissan Mindel. www.chabad.org. Rabbi Isaac Luria – The Ari Hakodosh Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref> The Alter Rebbe instituted various other rulings of Jewish Law, including the use of stainless steel knives for the slaughter of animals before human consumption, which are now universally accepted in all sects of Judaism. General Chabad minhagim (customs) distinguish the movement from other Chassidic groups. Some of the main Chabad customs are minor practices performed on traditional [[Jewish holidays]]: | ||
* [[Pesach]] – It is customary in Chabad communities to limit contact of ''[[matzah]]'' (an unleavened bread eaten on Passover) with water. This custom is called [[gebrokts]] (געבראָכטס, lit. 'broken'). However, on the last day of Passover, it is customary to intentionally have matzah come in contact with water.<ref>www.chabad.org. Gebrokts: Wetted Matzah. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref> | |||
* [[ | * [[Chanukah]] – It is the custom of Chabad Hasidim to place the Chanukah [[Menorah (Hanukkah)|menorah]] against the room's doorpost (and not on the windowsill).<ref name="sichoscustom">Shabbat Candle-Lighting Times. www.chabad.org.</ref><ref>Schneersohn, Shalom Dovber. Tanu Rabbanan: Ner Chanukah ''Sichos In English'', N.Y., 1990.</ref><ref>November 24, 2013. www.crownheights.info. Laws and Customs: Chanukah. CrownHeights.info. Accessed January 13, 2015.</ref> | ||
* [[Chanukah]] – It is the custom of Chabad Hasidim to place the Chanukah [[Menorah (Hanukkah)|menorah]] against the room's doorpost (and not on the windowsill).<ref name="sichoscustom"> | * Tefillah (Prayer) – The founder of Chabad wrote a very specific liturgy for the daily and festival prayers based on the teachings of the Kabbalists, primarily the [[Arizal]]. | ||
* Prayer – The founder of Chabad wrote a very specific liturgy for the daily and festival prayers based on the teachings of the Kabbalists, primarily the [[ | * Yud Tes Kislev – The custom is to eat ''kasha'' (Buckwheat) on the Chabad holiday of Yud Tes Kislev. | ||
* The | * Yom Kippur – The custom is to hand out ''lekach'' (honey cake) before Yom Kippur. | ||
== The Arts == | == The Arts == | ||