Chabad: Difference between revisions

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{{warn|This article contains material copied from Wikipedia. Please edit the style to match the standards of Chabadpedia}}

{{~~Infobox~~

~~| name =~~ Chabad

'''Chabad-Lubavitch''' is the Chassidic movement dedicated to spreading the teachings of the Baal Shem Tov, as interpreted by the seven Rebbes of Chabad, with the mission of bringing about the final redemption of the Jewish People from exile.

~~| image = [[File:770 Eastern Parkway~~.~~jpg|200px]]~~

}}

~~'''~~Chabad~~-Lubavitch''' is the Chassidic~~ movement founded by [[the Alter Rebbe~~]],~~ Rabbi ~~Schneuri~~ Zalman of Liadi ~~in Tsarist Russia, and~~ is a main ~~offshoots~~ of the general Chassidic movement founded by [[the Baal Shem Tov~~]],~~ Rabbi Yisrael ben Elizer and his successor, [[the Maggid of Mezritch]], Rabbi Dovber ~~ben Avraham~~.

== Overview ==

The Chabad movement was founded in Tsarist Russia by [[the Alter Rebbe|Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (the Alter Rebbe)]]. It is a main offshoot of the general Chassidic movement founded by [[the Baal Shem Tov|Rabbi Yisrael ben Elizer (the Baal Shem Tov)]], and his successor, [[the Maggid of Mezritch|Rabbi Dovber ben Avraham (the Maggid of Mezritch)]]. The name "Chabad" (חב״ד) is an acronym formed from the three Hebrew words [[Sefiras HaChochma|Chochmah]] (חכמה "Wisdom") , [[Sefiras HaBinah|Binah]] (בינה "Understanding"), [[Sefiras HaDaas|Daas]] (דעת "Knowledge") which are the first three of the [[Ten Sefiros]] (a fundamental concept in [[Kabbalah]]). These three aspects of the intellect represent the focus of [[Toras HaChassidus|Chabad teachings]].<ref>"About Chabad-Lubavitch" Chabad.org.</ref> The name [[Lubavitch]] refers to the town in which the Alter Rebbe's son and successor, [[the Mitteler Rebbe|Rabbi Dovber Schneuri (the Mitteler Rebbe)]], relocated the movement after the war between Napoleon and Russia. The succeeding Rebbes of Chabad resided in the town until the First World War. Following the rise of Communism in Russia, the sixth Rebbe of Chabad, [[the Rebbe Rayatz|Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn (the Rebbe Rayatz)]], moved the center of the Chabad movement from Russia to Poland. After the outbreak of World War II, he moved the center of the movement to [[770 Eastern Parkway]] in the [[Crown Heights]] section of Brooklyn (New York, [[United States of America|USA]]). There, following the ''[[histalkus]]'' of the Rebbe Rayatz in 1950, [[the Rebbe|Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (the Rebbe)]], became the leader of the worldwide Chabad movement exactly one year later. In the following decades, the Rebbe transformed the Chabad movement into one of the most widespread Jewish movements in the world. Under his leadership, Chabad established a large network of institutions to [[Spreading the Wellsprings (Hafatzat HaMayanot)]] of the teachings of Chassidus, as well as to provide for the religious, social and humanitarian needs of Jews across the world. Chabad institutions provide outreach to unaffiliated Jews and humanitarian aid, as well as religious, cultural and educational activities. The impact of the Chabad movement on non-Chassidic Jews is widely recognised. In a 2020 study, the Pew Research Center found that 16% of American Jews from different backgrounds participated in Chabad services or activities at least semi-regularly.<ref>Pew Research Center, "Jewish Americans in 2020", pewforum.org.</ref> The Rebbe's focus on the immediate coming of the [[Moshiach]], a foundational Jewish belief, was made very clear in many teachings and writings, and which continue to inspire his Chassidim until this very day.

The name "Chabad" (חב״ד) is an acronym formed from the three Hebrew words [[Sefiras HaChochma|Chochmah]] (חכמה "Wisdom") , [[Sefiras HaBinah|Binah]] (בינה "Understanding"), [[Sefiras HaDaas|Daas]] (דעת "Knowledge") which are the first three of the [[Ten Sefiros]]. These three aspects of the intellect represent the focus of [[Toras HaChassidus|Chabad teachings]].<ref>"About Chabad-Lubavitch" Chabad.org.</ref> The name [[Lubavitch]] derives from the town in which the Alter Rebbe's son and successor, [[the Mitteler Rebbe]], Rabbi Dovber Schneuri, relocated the movement after the war between Napoleon and Russia. The succeeding Rebbes of Chabad resided in the town until the First World War. Following the rise of Communism in Russia, the sixth Rebbe of Chabad, [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn, moved the center of the Chabad movement from Russia to Poland. After the outbreak of World War II, he moved the center of the movement to [[770 Eastern Parkway]] in the [[Crown Heights]] section of Brooklyn (New York, [[United States of America|USA]]). There, following the ''[[histalkus]]'' of the Rebbe Rayatz in 1950, [[the Rebbe]], Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson became the leader of the worldwide Chabad movement exactly one year later. In the following decades, the Rebbe transformed the Chabad movement into one of the most widespread Jewish movements in the world. Under his leadership, Chabad established a large network of institutions to [[spread the wellsprings]] of the teachings of Chassidus, as well as to provide for the religious, social and humanitarian needs of Jews across the world. Chabad institutions provide outreach to unaffiliated Jews and humanitarian aid, as well as religious, cultural and educational activities. The impact of the Chabad movement on non-Chassidic Jews is widely recognised. In a 2020 study, the Pew Research Center found that 16% of American Jews from different backgrounds participated in Chabad services or activities at least semi-regularly.<ref>Pew Research Center, "Jewish Americans in 2020", pewforum.org.</ref> The Rebbe's focus on the immediate coming of the [[Moshiach]], a foundational Jewish belief, was made very clear in many teachings and writings, and which continue to inspire his Chassidim until this very day.

~~== History ==~~

The Alter Rebbe was born in 1745 in the city of Liozna. He soon became a student of the Maggid of Mezritch, the successor of the Baal Shem Tov, the founder of the Chassidic movement. Following the histalkus of the Maggid and the departure of Rabbi Meachme Mendel of Vitebsk and other Chassidic leaders to [[Eretz Yisroel]], the Alter Rebbe became the leader of the Chassidim in Russia, later moving to the town of Liadi. The Alter Rebbe developed the teachings of Chabad in the book of [[Tanya]] which emphasised the use of one's intellectual faculties. This distinguished the Chabad movement from other branches of the Chassidic movement (and are often referred to the Rebbes as Chagas, after the emotive faculties). Following the war between Napoleon and Russia, and the histalkus of the Alter Rebbe, the Mitteler Rebbe settled in Lubavitch. His son-in-law and successor, [[the Tzemach Tzedek]] led the Chabad movement for many years. His son, [[the Rebbe Maharash]], continued to lead in Lubavitch. His son, [[the Rebbe Rashab]], founded [[Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim]] and fought to strengthen Chassidus Chabad during a time of mass secularization. At that time, many Chassidim moved away from Russia, and many settled in the United States where they soon created Agudas Chasidei Chabad ("Association of Chabad Hasidim"). His son, [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], fought to preserve Judaism under the rule of the Communists. In 1927, the Rebbe Rayatz was arrested by the Russian Secret Police and was sentenced to death. The sentence was averted and the Rebbe Rayatz left Russia, visiting Latvia, America, Eretz Yisroel, before relocating to Poland. With the start of the Second World War, the Rebbe Rayatz was saved from the hands of the Germans and arrived in America.<ref name=Altein>Altein, R, Zaklikofsky, E, Jacobson, I: ''Out of the Inferno: The Efforts That Led to the Rescue of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn of Lubavitch from War Torn Europe in 1939–40''. Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch, 2002.</ref> After the histalkus of the Rebbe Rayatz, the Rebbe became the seventh leader of Chabad-Lubavitch.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{warn|This article is a draft and is still under construction}}
 {{warn|This article contains material copied from Wikipedia. Please edit the style to match the standards of Chabadpedia}}
-{{Infobox
+{{Chabad}}
-| name = Chabad
+'''Chabad-Lubavitch''' is the Chassidic movement dedicated to spreading the teachings of the Baal Shem Tov, as interpreted by the seven Rebbes of Chabad, with the mission of bringing about the final redemption of the Jewish People from exile.
-| image = [[File:770 Eastern Parkway.jpg|200px]]
-}}
-'''Chabad-Lubavitch''' is the Chassidic movement founded by [[the Alter Rebbe]], Rabbi Schneuri Zalman of Liadi in Tsarist Russia, and is a main offshoots of the general Chassidic movement founded by [[the Baal Shem Tov]], Rabbi Yisrael ben Elizer and his successor, [[the Maggid of Mezritch]], Rabbi Dovber ben Avraham.
+== Overview ==
+The Chabad movement was founded in Tsarist Russia by [[the Alter Rebbe|Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (the Alter Rebbe)]]. It is a main offshoot of the general Chassidic movement founded by [[the Baal Shem Tov|Rabbi Yisrael ben Elizer (the Baal Shem Tov)]], and his successor, [[the Maggid of Mezritch|Rabbi Dovber ben Avraham (the Maggid of Mezritch)]]. The name "Chabad" (חב״ד) is an acronym formed from the three Hebrew words [[Sefiras HaChochma|Chochmah]] (חכמה "Wisdom") , [[Sefiras HaBinah|Binah]] (בינה "Understanding"), [[Sefiras HaDaas|Daas]] (דעת "Knowledge") which are the first three of the [[Ten Sefiros]] (a fundamental concept in [[Kabbalah]]). These three aspects of the intellect represent the focus of [[Toras HaChassidus|Chabad teachings]].<ref>"About Chabad-Lubavitch" Chabad.org.</ref> The name [[Lubavitch]] refers to the town in which the Alter Rebbe's son and successor, [[the Mitteler Rebbe|Rabbi Dovber Schneuri (the Mitteler Rebbe)]], relocated the movement after the war between Napoleon and Russia. The succeeding Rebbes of Chabad resided in the town until the First World War. Following the rise of Communism in Russia, the sixth Rebbe of Chabad, [[the Rebbe Rayatz|Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn (the Rebbe Rayatz)]], moved the center of the Chabad movement from Russia to Poland. After the outbreak of World War II, he moved the center of the movement to [[770 Eastern Parkway]] in the [[Crown Heights]] section of Brooklyn (New York, [[United States of America|USA]]). There, following the ''[[histalkus]]'' of the Rebbe Rayatz in 1950, [[the Rebbe|Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (the Rebbe)]], became the leader of the worldwide Chabad movement exactly one year later. In the following decades, the Rebbe transformed the Chabad movement into one of the most widespread Jewish movements in the world. Under his leadership, Chabad established a large network of institutions to [[Spreading the Wellsprings (Hafatzat HaMayanot)]] of the teachings of Chassidus, as well as to provide for the religious, social and humanitarian needs of Jews across the world. Chabad institutions provide outreach to unaffiliated Jews and humanitarian aid, as well as religious, cultural and educational activities. The impact of the Chabad movement on non-Chassidic Jews is widely recognised. In a 2020 study, the Pew Research Center found that 16% of American Jews from different backgrounds participated in Chabad services or activities at least semi-regularly.<ref>Pew Research Center, "Jewish Americans in 2020", pewforum.org.</ref> The Rebbe's focus on the immediate coming of the [[Moshiach]], a foundational Jewish belief, was made very clear in many teachings and writings, and which continue to inspire his Chassidim until this very day.
-The name "Chabad" (חב״ד) is an acronym formed from the three Hebrew words [[Sefiras HaChochma|Chochmah]] (חכמה "Wisdom") , [[Sefiras HaBinah|Binah]] (בינה "Understanding"), [[Sefiras HaDaas|Daas]] (דעת "Knowledge") which are the first three of the [[Ten Sefiros]]. These three aspects of the intellect represent the focus of [[Toras HaChassidus|Chabad teachings]].<ref>"About Chabad-Lubavitch" Chabad.org.</ref> The name [[Lubavitch]] derives from the town in which the Alter Rebbe's son and successor, [[the Mitteler Rebbe]], Rabbi Dovber Schneuri, relocated the movement after the war between Napoleon and Russia. The succeeding Rebbes of Chabad resided in the town until the First World War. Following the rise of Communism in Russia, the sixth Rebbe of Chabad, [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn, moved the center of the Chabad movement from Russia to Poland. After the outbreak of World War II, he moved the center of the movement to [[770 Eastern Parkway]] in the [[Crown Heights]] section of Brooklyn (New York, [[United States of America|USA]]). There, following the ''[[histalkus]]'' of the Rebbe Rayatz in 1950, [[the Rebbe]], Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson became the leader of the worldwide Chabad movement exactly one year later. In the following decades, the Rebbe transformed the Chabad movement into one of the most widespread Jewish movements in the world. Under his leadership, Chabad established a large network of institutions to [[spread the wellsprings]] of the teachings of Chassidus, as well as to provide for the religious, social and humanitarian needs of Jews across the world. Chabad institutions provide outreach to unaffiliated Jews and humanitarian aid, as well as religious, cultural and educational activities. The impact of the Chabad movement on non-Chassidic Jews is widely recognised. In a 2020 study, the Pew Research Center found that 16% of American Jews from different backgrounds participated in Chabad services or activities at least semi-regularly.<ref>Pew Research Center, "Jewish Americans in 2020", pewforum.org.</ref> The Rebbe's focus on the immediate coming of the [[Moshiach]], a foundational Jewish belief, was made very clear in many teachings and writings, and which continue to inspire his Chassidim until this very day.
-== History ==
 The Alter Rebbe was born in 1745 in the city of Liozna. He soon became a student of the Maggid of Mezritch, the successor of the Baal Shem Tov, the founder of the Chassidic movement. Following the histalkus of the Maggid and the departure of Rabbi Meachme Mendel of Vitebsk and other Chassidic leaders to [[Eretz Yisroel]], the Alter Rebbe became the leader of the Chassidim in Russia, later moving to the town of Liadi. The Alter Rebbe developed the teachings of Chabad in the book of [[Tanya]] which emphasised the use of one's intellectual faculties. This distinguished the Chabad movement from other branches of the Chassidic movement (and are often referred to the Rebbes as Chagas, after the emotive faculties). Following the war between Napoleon and Russia, and the histalkus of the Alter Rebbe, the Mitteler Rebbe settled in Lubavitch. His son-in-law and successor, [[the Tzemach Tzedek]] led the Chabad movement for many years. His son, [[the Rebbe Maharash]], continued to lead in Lubavitch. His son, [[the Rebbe Rashab]], founded [[Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim]] and fought to strengthen Chassidus Chabad during a time of mass secularization. At that time, many Chassidim moved away from Russia, and many settled in the United States where they soon created Agudas Chasidei Chabad ("Association of Chabad Hasidim"). His son, [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], fought to preserve Judaism under the rule of the Communists. In 1927, the Rebbe Rayatz was arrested by the Russian Secret Police and was sentenced to death. The sentence was averted and the Rebbe Rayatz left Russia, visiting Latvia, America, Eretz Yisroel, before relocating to Poland. With the start of the Second World War, the Rebbe Rayatz was saved from the hands of the Germans and arrived in America.<ref name=Altein>Altein, R, Zaklikofsky, E, Jacobson, I: ''Out of the Inferno: The Efforts That Led to the Rescue of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn of Lubavitch from War Torn Europe in 1939–40''. Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch, 2002.</ref> After the histalkus of the Rebbe Rayatz, the Rebbe became the seventh leader of Chabad-Lubavitch.