Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Tomchei temimim symbol.jpg|alt=tomchei temimim symbol|thumb|Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Symbol]] | [[File:Tomchei temimim symbol.jpg|alt=tomchei temimim symbol|thumb|Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Symbol]] | ||
'''Tomchei Temimim''' of Lubavitch was established in 1897 by [[The Rebbe Rashab]] | '''Tomchei Temimim''' of Lubavitch was established in 1897 by [[The Rebbe Rashab]]. The yeshiva was founded with the goal of combining rigorous [[Talmud|Talmudic]] study with the [[Toras HaChassidus|teachings of Chassidus]], particularly [[Chabad Chassidus Philosophy|Chabad Chassidus]], and cultivating students who would embody the spiritual and intellectual ideals of the Chabad movement. | ||
The name ''Tomchei Temimim''—meaning "Supporters of the Righteous" or "The Supporters of the Wholesome"—reflects the yeshiva’s aim to produce students who were spiritually complete and well-versed in the teachings of Chassidus. This was a significant departure from the typical yeshiva structure of the time, where the emphasis was primarily on Talmudic and legal studies, without much focus on Chassidic philosophy. | The name ''Tomchei Temimim''—meaning "Supporters of the Righteous" or "The Supporters of the Wholesome"—reflects the yeshiva’s aim to produce students who were spiritually complete and well-versed in the teachings of Chassidus. This was a significant departure from the typical yeshiva structure of the time, where the emphasis was primarily on Talmudic and legal studies, without much focus on Chassidic philosophy. | ||
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At the wedding feast of his son, [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], on Sunday 15 Elul 5657 (1897), the Rebbe Rashab announced that he wished to make an important announcement to the public on 18 Elul concerning all our Rebbeim. Later, the Rebbe Rashab convened a conference attended by about fifty select elder rabbanim and wealthy supporters of Anash who were in Lubavitch at the time for the wedding celebration. The Rebbe opened the conference with a general announcement about his holy decision to establish a yeshiva for Torah-knowledgeable bochurim who would engage in studying Chassidus with yiras shamayim. | At the wedding feast of his son, [[the Rebbe Rayatz]], on Sunday 15 Elul 5657 (1897), the Rebbe Rashab announced that he wished to make an important announcement to the public on 18 Elul concerning all our Rebbeim. Later, the Rebbe Rashab convened a conference attended by about fifty select elder rabbanim and wealthy supporters of Anash who were in Lubavitch at the time for the wedding celebration. The Rebbe opened the conference with a general announcement about his holy decision to establish a yeshiva for Torah-knowledgeable bochurim who would engage in studying Chassidus with yiras shamayim. | ||
On Tuesday, 17 Elul 5657, the Rebbe Rashab selected the first eighteen talmidim who were accepted to the yeshiva. The Rebbe entrusted them to the Chossid Rav Shmuel Gronem Esterman - to teach them Chassidus according to the order he arranged. | On Tuesday, 17 Elul 5657, the Rebbe Rashab selected the first eighteen talmidim who were accepted to the yeshiva. The Rebbe entrusted them to the Chossid [[Shmuel Gronem Esterman|Rav Shmuel Gronem Esterman]] - to teach them Chassidus according to the order he arranged. | ||
Following this practice of the Rebbe Rashab who convened a conference to announce the opening of Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim, today as well when opening a Tomchei Tmimim yeshiva, the Roshei Yeshiva organize a farbrengen where they announce their decision to open the yeshiva<ref>In the year 5732 (1972) when the Tmimim moved from their place of study at 770 Eastern Parkway to the Chovevei Torah Yeshiva building, they held a farbrengen at the beginning (apparently this was due to the custom of the Rebbe Rashab). The Rebbe gave his blessing to this move (Likut Maanot Kodesh 5732, response 68 from the 21st of Adar 5732). This practice was also followed at the opening of Yeshiva Gedolah Lubavitch Beit Shemesh and others.</ref>. | Following this practice of the Rebbe Rashab who convened a conference to announce the opening of Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim, today as well when opening a Tomchei Tmimim yeshiva, the Roshei Yeshiva organize a farbrengen where they announce their decision to open the yeshiva<ref>In the year 5732 (1972) when the Tmimim moved from their place of study at 770 Eastern Parkway to the Chovevei Torah Yeshiva building, they held a farbrengen at the beginning (apparently this was due to the custom of the Rebbe Rashab). The Rebbe gave his blessing to this move (Likut Maanot Kodesh 5732, response 68 from the 21st of Adar 5732). This practice was also followed at the opening of Yeshiva Gedolah Lubavitch Beit Shemesh and others.</ref>. | ||
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On Wednesday, the luminous day of 18 Elul, at two in the afternoon, a "Sheva Brachos" feast was held, where the Rebbe Rashab delivered the message in the name of his fathers, our holy Rebbeim. | On Wednesday, the luminous day of 18 Elul, at two in the afternoon, a "Sheva Brachos" feast was held, where the Rebbe Rashab delivered the message in the name of his fathers, our holy Rebbeim. | ||
This is how the Rebbe Rayatz describes it: At two in the afternoon, a "Sheva Brachos" feast was held. My father was in joyous excitement and said: "Jews throughout the world know that on Wednesday the luminaries were hung. Even on Sunday, Monday and Tuesday there was day and night, but the luminaries were hung on Wednesday. Today, 18 Elul, is the luminous day when [[the Alter Rebbe]] and Moren[[The Baal Shem Tov]] were born, and on this holy day I am establishing a yeshiva by the command and blessing of our holy fathers and Rebbeim, a yeshiva that will produce talmidim with mesiras nefesh for Torah and avodah in the ways of Chabad Chassidus." | This is how the Rebbe Rayatz describes it: At two in the afternoon, a "Sheva Brachos" feast was held. My father was in joyous excitement and said: "Jews throughout the world know that on Wednesday the luminaries were hung. Even on Sunday, Monday and Tuesday there was day and night, but the luminaries were hung on Wednesday. Today, 18 Elul, is the luminous day when [[the Alter Rebbe]] and Moren[[The Baal Shem Tov]] were born, and on this holy day I am establishing a yeshiva by the command and blessing of our holy fathers and Rebbeim, a yeshiva that will produce talmidim with [[mesiras nefesh]] for [[Torah]] and avodah in the ways of Chabad Chassidus." | ||
The Rebbe Rashab said a Chassidic discourse on the topic of "The light created on the first day with which Adam HaRishon could see from one end of the world to the other," and afterward said with a bright and welcoming countenance: "May it be His will that the Shechinah rest in our handiwork. On the fourth day of creation the luminaries were hung. Today is 18 Elul, the holy day when Morenu the Baal Shem Tov was born 199 years ago. With this beginning of the yeshiva - which I have not yet named - I am kindling the luminaries that Morenu the Baal Shem Tov and the Rebbeim bequeathed to us in order to fulfill the promise of spreading your wellsprings outward, to hasten the coming of Moshiach Tzidkeinu." | The Rebbe Rashab said a Chassidic discourse on the topic of "The light created on the first day with which Adam HaRishon could see from one end of the world to the other," and afterward said with a bright and welcoming countenance: "May it be His will that the Shechinah rest in our handiwork. On the fourth day of creation the luminaries were hung. Today is 18 Elul, the holy day when Morenu the Baal Shem Tov was born 199 years ago. With this beginning of the yeshiva - which I have not yet named - I am kindling the luminaries that Morenu the Baal Shem Tov and the Rebbeim bequeathed to us in order to fulfill the promise of spreading your wellsprings outward, to hasten the coming of [[Moshiach]] Tzidkeinu." | ||
== Structure of the Yeshiva == | == Structure of the Yeshiva == | ||
The founding vision of '''Tomchei Temimim''' was not just to teach Torah, but to create a generation of spiritually refined and intellectually rigorous students who would lead Jewish communities and perpetuate the teachings of Chabad Chassidus. The yeshiva’s curriculum was distinctive in its combination of Talmud study, Halacha (Jewish law), and Chassidus, with the goal of producing ''temimim''—students who were complete in both their knowledge of Torah and their personal refinement. | The founding vision of '''Tomchei Temimim''' was not just to teach Torah, but to create a generation of spiritually refined and intellectually rigorous students who would lead Jewish communities and perpetuate the teachings of Chabad Chassidus. The yeshiva’s curriculum was distinctive in its combination of Talmud study, [[Halacha]] (Jewish law), and Chassidus, with the goal of producing ''temimim''—students who were complete in both their knowledge of Torah and their personal refinement. | ||
The yeshiva's curriculum included intensive study of both the revealed aspects of Torah (such as Talmud, Halacha, and Jewish philosophy) and the hidden aspects (such as Chassidus, Kabbalah, and mysticism). '''Tomchei Temimim''' emphasized understanding the depth and inner meanings of Torah through the study of Chassidus, and it was believed that this approach would lead to both intellectual enlightenment and spiritual elevation. | The yeshiva's curriculum included intensive study of both the revealed aspects of Torah (such as Talmud, Halacha, and Jewish philosophy) and the hidden aspects (such as Chassidus, [[Kabbalah]], and mysticism). '''Tomchei Temimim''' emphasized understanding the depth and inner meanings of Torah through the study of Chassidus, and it was believed that this approach would lead to both intellectual enlightenment and spiritual elevation. | ||
== The Role of the Rebbe == | == The Role of the Rebbe == | ||
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The curriculum of '''Tomchei Temimim''' was designed to produce students who were intellectually capable, spiritually refined, and deeply connected to the teachings of Chassidus. The study of Chassidus was intertwined with Talmudic studies, and students were taught to see the Talmud through the lens of Chassidic philosophy. This educational approach was revolutionary at the time, as it emphasized the practical application of Torah teachings in everyday life, rather than just theoretical knowledge. | The curriculum of '''Tomchei Temimim''' was designed to produce students who were intellectually capable, spiritually refined, and deeply connected to the teachings of Chassidus. The study of Chassidus was intertwined with Talmudic studies, and students were taught to see the Talmud through the lens of Chassidic philosophy. This educational approach was revolutionary at the time, as it emphasized the practical application of Torah teachings in everyday life, rather than just theoretical knowledge. | ||
In addition to traditional Torah studies, the yeshiva placed significant focus on the study of Chassidus, Kabbalah, and the mystical teachings of the Chabad Rebbes. Chassidus was not just an intellectual pursuit but was intended to inspire students to serve God with both heart and mind, integrating spiritual awareness into their daily lives. | In addition to traditional Torah studies, the yeshiva placed significant focus on the study of Chassidus, [[Kabbalah]], and the mystical teachings of the Chabad Rebbes. Chassidus was not just an intellectual pursuit but was intended to inspire students to serve God with both heart and mind, integrating spiritual awareness into their daily lives. | ||
== Purpose of the Yeshiva == | == Purpose of the Yeshiva == | ||
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The yeshiva's name expresses its founder's main idea: refining and purifying middos, strengthening inner spiritual work, and shaping a complete, 'tamim' character. | The yeshiva's name expresses its founder's main idea: refining and purifying middos, strengthening inner spiritual work, and shaping a complete, 'tamim' character. | ||
That period was an auspicious time for establishing yeshivas, as other yeshivas were established then: Slabodka, Mir, Slutsk, and Telz. Torah learning appeared then in the form of yeshivas that concentrated, developed and flourished in the land of yeshivas - Lithuania, which served as the great reservoir of Torah that nourished Jewish communities worldwide. | That period was an auspicious time for establishing yeshivas, as other yeshivas were established then: [[Slabodka]], [[Mir]], [[Slutsk]], and [[Telz]]. Torah learning appeared then in the form of yeshivas that concentrated, developed and flourished in the land of yeshivas - Lithuania, which served as the great reservoir of Torah that nourished Jewish communities worldwide. | ||
Yeshivas "Tomchei Tmimim" was similar to Lithuanian yeshivas, yet different from them. It was similar because the Lithuanian yeshivas' learning method was inherited, but different in the following ways. | Yeshivas "Tomchei Tmimim" was similar to Lithuanian yeshivas, yet different from them. It was similar because the Lithuanian yeshivas' learning method was inherited, but different in the following ways. | ||
== The Founding Vision == | == The Founding Vision == | ||
In 1901, three years after the founding of Yeshivas "Tomchei Tmimim," its founder commanded that the students be brought before him together with the Roshei Yeshiva, Mashpi'im and Mashgichim, and addressed them with these words: | In 1901, three years after the founding of Yeshivas "Tomchei Tmimim," its founder commanded that the students be brought before him together with the [[Rosh Yeshiva|Roshei Yeshiva]], [[Mashpia|Mashpi'im]] and Mashgichim, and addressed them with these words: | ||
"I make a covenant with you, with the students of Yeshivas 'Tomchei Tmimim' who study today in all the 'systems' (departments) of the yeshiva and with all students who will study in it during this time and future times. Those who are here and those who are not here - I make a covenant of partnership for work with mesiras nefesh for Torah with yiras shamayim and avodah shebalev, without compromises, let the law pierce the mountain." | "I make a covenant with you, with the students of Yeshivas 'Tomchei Tmimim' who study today in all the 'systems' (departments) of the yeshiva and with all students who will study in it during this time and future times. Those who are here and those who are not here - I make a covenant of partnership for work with mesiras nefesh for Torah with yiras shamayim and avodah shebalev, without compromises, let the law pierce the mountain." | ||
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== Learning Method == | == Learning Method == | ||
In Tomchei Tmimim yeshivas, the analytical learning stands fundamentally on the guidance of the Rebbe Rashab in Kuntres Eitz HaChaim. Learning in this way resolves concern for emotion overshadowing thought that might develop following intensive and deep learning of nigleh. The learning method established by the Rebbe Rashab includes guidance for learning through a path of deep analysis tending toward pshat on one hand and depth and iyun on the other. In his guidance, he clarifies the necessary caution from false pilpulim and superficiality and scattered learning. | In Tomchei Tmimim yeshivas, the analytical learning stands fundamentally on the guidance of the Rebbe Rashab in [[Kuntres Eitz HaChaim]]. Learning in this way resolves concern for emotion overshadowing thought that might develop following intensive and deep learning of nigleh. The learning method established by the Rebbe Rashab includes guidance for learning through a path of deep analysis tending toward pshat on one hand and depth and iyun on the other. In his guidance, he clarifies the necessary caution from false pilpulim and superficiality and scattered learning. | ||
The learning first focuses on encompassing and clarifying the sugya being learned on all its sides and details. Afterward, the learner examines and is precise with every significant piece of information, calculating the sevoros of the Amoraim, assembling the details of the sugya in his mind into a unified structure, and approaches pilpul after understanding the halachic pshat of the sugya while doing this carefully to direct toward the truth of the matters. | The learning first focuses on encompassing and clarifying the sugya being learned on all its sides and details. Afterward, the learner examines and is precise with every significant piece of information, calculating the sevoros of the Amoraim, assembling the details of the sugya in his mind into a unified structure, and approaches pilpul after understanding the halachic pshat of the sugya while doing this carefully to direct toward the truth of the matters. | ||
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== Influence on Chabad and the Jewish World == | == Influence on Chabad and the Jewish World == | ||
[[File:The rebbe rayatz, the principal of the yeshivah.jpg|alt=the rebbe rayatz, the principal of the yeshivah|thumb|the rebbe | [[File:The rebbe rayatz, the principal of the yeshivah.jpg|alt=the rebbe rayatz, the principal of the yeshivah|thumb|the rebbe Rayatz, the principal of the yeshivah]] | ||
The establishment of '''Tomchei Temimim''' had a lasting impact on the Chabad movement and the Jewish world at large. The yeshiva became a central hub for the transmission of Chabad teachings, which would later be spread worldwide, particularly after World War II. Many of the graduates of the yeshiva became prominent leaders and teachers in Chabad institutions, contributing to the movement's global reach. | The establishment of '''Tomchei Temimim''' had a lasting impact on the Chabad movement and the Jewish world at large. The yeshiva became a central hub for the transmission of Chabad teachings, which would later be spread worldwide, particularly after World War II. Many of the graduates of the yeshiva became prominent leaders and teachers in Chabad institutions, contributing to the movement's global reach. | ||
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== Tomchei Temimim around the World == | == Tomchei Temimim around the World == | ||
[[File:Toras emes - jerusalem.jpg|thumb|256x256px|Toras emes - jerusalem]] | [[File:Toras emes - jerusalem.jpg|thumb|256x256px|Toras emes - jerusalem]] | ||
* The Central Lubavitcher Yeshiva, or Central Yeshiva Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch, Brooklyn, New York | * The Central Lubavitcher Yeshiva, or Central Yeshiva Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch, [[Brooklyn]], New York | ||
* United Lubavitcher Yeshivoth - Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn, New York | * [[United Lubavitcher Yeshivoth - Ocean Parkway]], Brooklyn, New York | ||
* Talmudical Seminary Oholei Torah, Brooklyn, New York | * Talmudical Seminary Oholei Torah, Brooklyn, New York | ||
* Mesivta Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch Queens Forest Hills, New York | * Mesivta Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch Queens Forest Hills, New York | ||
* Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch Poconos Canadensis, PA | * Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch Poconos Canadensis, PA | ||
* Yeshiva Kol Yaakov Yehuda Hadar Hatorah Rabbinical Seminary, Brooklyn, New York | * Yeshiva Kol Yaakov Yehuda Hadar Hatorah Rabbinical Seminary, Brooklyn, New York | ||
* Yeshivas Lubavitch Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio | * Yeshivas Lubavitch Cincinnati, [[Cincinnati]], Ohio | ||
* Yeshivas Lubavitch Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada | * Yeshivas Lubavitch Toronto, [[Toronto]], Ontario, [[Canada]] | ||
* Yeshiva Or Menachem, Montreal, Quebec, Canada | * Yeshiva Or Menachem, [[Montreal]], Quebec, Canada | ||
* Rabbinical College of America, Morristown, New Jersey | * Rabbinical College of America, Morristown, New Jersey | ||
* Lubavitch Educational Center – Klurman Mesivta, Miami Beach, Florida | * Lubavitch Educational Center – Klurman Mesivta, Miami Beach, Florida | ||
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== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* Details of Tomchei Tmimim branches past and present in Category: Chabad Yeshivas | * Details of Tomchei Tmimim branches past and present in [[:Category: Chabad Yeshivas]] | ||
* Tomim | * [[Tomim]] | ||
== Further Reading == | == Further Reading == | ||
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* '''Kol Beis Tomchei Tmimim''' on the Teshurah website | * '''Kol Beis Tomchei Tmimim''' on the Teshurah website | ||
[[Category:Fundamental Concepts]] | |||
[[Category: Fundamental Concepts]] | [[he:ישיבת תומכי תמימים]] | ||
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[[Category:Institutions and Organizations]] | |||
[[Category:Chabad Yeshivos]] | |||