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Clear details about the founding and early members of the Chabad community in Montreal during the decades prior to the arrival of the Temimim from Otvock in 5702 (1941–1942) are not available. | Clear details about the founding and early members of the Chabad community in Montreal during the decades prior to the arrival of the Temimim from Otvock in 5702 (1941–1942) are not available. | ||
In the | In the 1900s there existed in Montreal a synagogue called ''Kehillas Anash Nusach HaAri'' — a Chabad-style congregation following the prayer rite of the Arizal (the sixteenth-century Kabbalist Rabbi Yitzchak Luria, whose distinctive prayer liturgy was adopted by the Chassidic movement). The rabbinical position of this congregation was filled by a rabbi who had previously served in several Latvian cities but was not himself a Chabad Chassid — Rabbi Nasan Neta Efraimovitz.<ref>There is no known connection between him and the Chabad Rebbes, apart from his signature on a Chabad protest against the conduct of the Zionists in the Holy Land, a mention of his desire to receive the Rebbe Rayatz during the Rebbe's visit to the United States, and a lighthearted reference in a letter of the Rogatchover Gaon regarding the irony of his having become, in effect, a Chassid by virtue of leading a Chassidic congregation (the letter was published by Rabbi Yair Borochov in 5784 [2024]: [https://col.org.il/news/160660 The Letter from the Chabad Congregation's Rabbi That the Rogatchover Could Not Decipher]). His gravestone bears many honorific titles, but the designation ''Chassid'' does not appear among them.</ref><ref>Latvia — Synagogues and Rabbis (where he is mistakenly referred to as "Mordechai"); Latvia and Its Rabbis; ''Igros Kodesh'' of the Rebbe Rayatz, Vol. 7; Rogatchover Responsa, new edition.</ref> As will be described below, when the refugee Temimim arrived from Otvock by way of Shanghai, they initially established their yeshiva in this same synagogue. | ||
== The Rescued Students Arrive in Montreal == | == The Rescued Students Arrive in Montreal == | ||
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In the early years of the Rebbe's leadership, he dispatched three emissaries from Paris, France, to Montreal: in 5711 (1950–1951), Rabbi [[Yehoshua Heshel Zeitlin]], to serve as spiritual mentor, ritual slaughterer, and mohel — one who performs ritual circumcisions; in 5712 (1951–1952), Rabbi [[Chaim Shneur Zalman Marozov]], to serve as ritual slaughterer and spiritual mentor; and Rabbi [[Peretz Muchkin]], to serve as spiritual mentor. | In the early years of the Rebbe's leadership, he dispatched three emissaries from Paris, France, to Montreal: in 5711 (1950–1951), Rabbi [[Yehoshua Heshel Zeitlin]], to serve as spiritual mentor, ritual slaughterer, and mohel — one who performs ritual circumcisions; in 5712 (1951–1952), Rabbi [[Chaim Shneur Zalman Marozov]], to serve as ritual slaughterer and spiritual mentor; and Rabbi [[Peretz Muchkin]], to serve as spiritual mentor. | ||
Subsequently, Rabbi | Subsequently, Rabbi Leibel Kramer and Rabbi Yosef Rodal were appointed as heads of the communal institutions and the yeshiva, and they established a synagogue and a mikveh. | ||
In 5719 (1958–1959), Rabbi [[Yehuda Shputz]] — who had previously studied at the yeshiva — was sent by the Rebbe to work within both the yeshiva and the Lithuanian girls' institution Beis Yaakov. | In 5719 (1958–1959), Rabbi [[Yehuda Shputz]] — who had previously studied at the yeshiva — was sent by the Rebbe to work within both the yeshiva and the Lithuanian girls' institution Beis Yaakov. | ||
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Today the community numbers hundreds of families and encompasses dozens of institutions. Among those who serve the community: | Today the community numbers hundreds of families and encompasses dozens of institutions. Among those who serve the community: | ||
* The mashpia (spiritual mentor and guide), Rabbi [[Yitzchak Meir | * The mashpia (spiritual mentor and guide), Rabbi [[Yitzchak Meir Gurary]]. | ||
* The chairman of [[Tzeirei Agudas Chabad of Canada]] — the umbrella organization uniting Chabad Houses across Quebec — Rabbi [[Shalom Dovber Muchkin]]. | * The chairman of [[Tzeirei Agudas Chabad of Canada]] — the umbrella organization uniting Chabad Houses across Quebec — Rabbi [[Shalom Dovber Muchkin]]. | ||
* Rabbi [[Yoel Zusha Zilberstein]], emissary of the Rebbe. | * Rabbi [[Yoel Zusha Zilberstein]], emissary of the Rebbe. | ||
* Rabbi Dovid HaKohen | * Rabbi Dovid HaKohen | ||
* Rabbi Eliyahu Cohen (of blessed memory), spiritual mentor for the French-speaking community. | |||
* Rabbi [[Chaim Shlomo Cohen]], spiritual mentor for the Hebrew-speaking community. | * Rabbi [[Chaim Shlomo Cohen]], spiritual mentor for the Hebrew-speaking community. | ||
* Rabbi [[Avraham Ben Shimon]], among the distinguished senior members of the Anash community. | * Rabbi [[Avraham Ben Shimon]], among the distinguished senior members of the Anash community. | ||
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For many years, the head of the rabbinical court — known as the Vaad HaIr (City Rabbinical Council) — was Rabbi [[Pinchas Hirschprung]], who maintained a special relationship with [[the Rebbe]] and was among those who signed the rabbinic ruling affirming that the Rebbe has the presumptive status of Moshiach. Also serving on the court were Rabbi [[Aizik Schwey]] and Rabbi [[Yitzchak Hendel]]. The current head of the rabbinical court is Rabbi Yonasan Binyamin Weiss. | For many years, the head of the rabbinical court — known as the Vaad HaIr (City Rabbinical Council) — was Rabbi [[Pinchas Hirschprung]], who maintained a special relationship with [[the Rebbe]] and was among those who signed the rabbinic ruling affirming that the Rebbe has the presumptive status of Moshiach. Also serving on the court were Rabbi [[Aizik Schwey]] and Rabbi [[Yitzchak Hendel]]. The current head of the rabbinical court is Rabbi Yonasan Binyamin Weiss. | ||
In 5708 (1947–1948), Rabbi | In 5708 (1947–1948), Rabbi Yitzchak Hendel was appointed as the rabbi of the Chabad community by the Rebbe Rayatz. | ||
In 5757 (1996–1997), following the passing of Rabbi [[Pinchas Hirschprung]], Rabbi [[Avraham Dovid Nizhnik]]<ref>A graduate of the Tomchei Temimim yeshiva.</ref> was appointed as head of the Montreal rabbinical court. The title of Associate Head of the Court was granted to his colleague Rabbi [[Yitzchak HaKohen Hendel]], rabbi of the Chabad community, alongside whom served Rabbi [[Dovid Refoel Banon]] and Rabbi Dovber Baal. Also active during this period was Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak Neiman, a pillar of religious life affiliated with Belz, who passed away in 5767 (2006–2007). | In 5757 (1996–1997), following the passing of Rabbi [[Pinchas Hirschprung]], Rabbi [[Avraham Dovid Nizhnik]]<ref>A graduate of the Tomchei Temimim yeshiva.</ref> was appointed as head of the Montreal rabbinical court. The title of Associate Head of the Court was granted to his colleague Rabbi [[Yitzchak HaKohen Hendel]], rabbi of the Chabad community, alongside whom served Rabbi [[Dovid Refoel Banon]] and Rabbi Dovber Baal. Also active during this period was Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak Neiman, a pillar of religious life affiliated with Belz, who passed away in 5767 (2006–2007). | ||
In 5767 (2006–2007), following the passing of Rabbi Nizhnik and Rabbi Hendel, Rabbi [[Dovber Baal]] was appointed as judge and rabbi of the Ashkenazic community, Rabbi [[Dovid Refoel Banon]] as judge and rabbi of the Sephardic community, and Rabbi [[Moshe Abba Stern]] as halachic decisor | In 5767 (2006–2007), following the passing of Rabbi Nizhnik and Rabbi Hendel, Rabbi [[Dovber Baal|Dovber Bell]] was appointed as judge and rabbi of the Ashkenazic community, Rabbi [[Dovid Refoel Banon]] as judge and rabbi of the Sephardic community, and Rabbi [[Moshe Abba Stern]] as a halachic decisor in the Chabad community. | ||
== Institutions == | == Institutions == | ||
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[[File:בית חבד שוטנשטיין.jpg|thumb|The Chabad Center for Russian-speaking Jews, named in honor of the benefactors Mr. David and Eda Schottenstein, under the direction of emissary Rabbi [[Yisrael Sirota]]]] | [[File:בית חבד שוטנשטיין.jpg|thumb|The Chabad Center for Russian-speaking Jews, named in honor of the benefactors Mr. David and Eda Schottenstein, under the direction of emissary Rabbi [[Yisrael Sirota]]]] | ||
* ''' | * '''Mada''' — [[Chabad House]] for Hebrew speakers and Semicha (rabbinic ordination) institute, under the direction of Rabbi [[Chaim Shlomo Cohen]] and his nephew Rabbi Moshe Scharf. | ||
* '''[[Tomchei Temimim Montreal]]''' yeshiva, under the leadership of Rabbi Aryeh Leib Kaplan, Rabbi Shmuel Kramer, and Rabbi Moshe Abba Stern. | * '''[[Tomchei Tmimim Montreal|Tomchei Temimim Montreal]]''' yeshiva, under the leadership of Rabbi Aryeh Leib Kaplan, Rabbi Shmuel Kramer, and Rabbi Moshe Abba Stern. | ||
* '''[[Beis Rivkah Montreal]]''' — girls' school, under the educational direction of Rabbi Yosef Minkowitz and Rabbi Menachem Mendel Marozov. | * '''[[Beis Rivkah Montreal]]''' — girls' school, under the educational direction of Rabbi Yosef Minkowitz and Rabbi Menachem Mendel Marozov. | ||
* '''Seminary ''Chai Mushka''''' for girls, under the direction of Rabbi Michael Dahan. | * '''Seminary ''Chai Mushka''''' for girls, under the direction of Rabbi Michael Dahan. | ||
* '''Girls' Seminary in Ste-Agathe''', under the direction of Rabbi Karlbach. | * '''Girls' Seminary in Ste-Agathe''', under the direction of Rabbi Karlbach. | ||
* '''[[Ohr Menachem Lunerstein]] Yeshiva''' in Naperville (approximately one hour south of Montreal), under the direction of Rabbi Yehuda Meir Dahan. | * '''[[Ohr Menachem Lunerstein|Ohr Menachem]] Yeshiva''' in Naperville (approximately one hour south of Montreal), under the direction of Rabbi Yehuda Meir Dahan. | ||
* ''' | * '''Mesivta''', under the direction of Rabbi Tzvi Hirsh Raskin. | ||
* '''Chabad House Côte-Saint-Luc''' for the Moroccan Jewish community, under the direction of Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Raskin (Montreal)]]. | * '''Chabad House Côte-Saint-Luc''' for the Moroccan Jewish community, under the direction of Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Raskin (Montreal)]]. | ||
* '''Cheder''' — a traditional Jewish elementary school for Chabad children. | * '''Cheder''' — a traditional Jewish elementary school for Chabad children. | ||
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* [https://chabad.info/news/1095936/ As Instructed by the Rebbe: Torah Gathering Held in Montreal] | * [https://chabad.info/news/1095936/ As Instructed by the Rebbe: Torah Gathering Held in Montreal] | ||
== References == | |||
[[he:מונטריאול]] | [[he:מונטריאול]] | ||