Chabadpedia - User contributions [en]

Kalsa Leshuascha Nafshi

2024-10-30T22:34:55Z

Moshiach Now: /* Words of the Melody */

The melody '''כָּלְתָה לִתְשׁוּעָתְךָ נַפְשִׁי''' is a Chassidic melody that was composed especially for the 11th of Nissan 5780 - the 118th birthday of the Rebbe.

Out of thirty-five melodies, the Lubavitch Niggun Committee selected the melody composed by the Tomim Meir Sasonkin. The melody underwent several changes.

== Words of the Melody ==

:כָּלְתָה לִתְשׁוּעָתְךָ נַפְשִׁי לִדְבָרְךָ יִחָלְתִּי

:וִיבֹאֻנִי חֲסָדֶךָ ה' תְּשׁוּעָתְךָ כְּאִמְרָתֶךָ

:יְחִי אֲדוֹנֵנוּ מוֹרֵנוּ וְרַבֵּינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד
:גַּל עֵינַי וְאַבִּיטָה נִפְלָאוֹת מִתּוֹרָתֶךָ

:יְחִי אֲדוֹנֵנוּ מוֹרֵנוּ וְרַבֵּינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד
:מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ חַי וְקַיָּם, חַי לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד

-Psalms 119: 81. 41. 18

{{ציטוט|
כָּלְתָה לִתְשׁוּעָתְךָ נַפְשִׁי לִדְבָרְךָ יִחָלְתִּי:

וִיבֹאֻנִי חֲסָדֶךָ ה' תְּשׁוּעָתְךָ כְּאִמְרָתֶךָ:

:יְחִי אֲדוֹנֵנוּ מוֹרֵנוּ וְרַבֵּינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד:

גַּל עֵינַי וְאַבִּיטָה נִפְלָאוֹת מִתּוֹרָתֶךָ:

:יְחִי אֲדוֹנֵנוּ מוֹרֵנוּ וְרַבֵּינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד:

מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ חַי וְקַיָּם, חַי לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד:|מקור=תהלים קיט, פא; מא; יח}}

== See Also ==
* [[Melodies on the Chapters of the Rebbe Shlita]]
* [[Psalm 119]]
* [https://chabadpedia.co.il/index.php/%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%AA%D7%9A_%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99_(%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9F) This page in Hebrew]
== External links ==
* [https://media.chabad.info/chabadinfoheb/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/09-04-2020-19-04-33-%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%94-%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%AA%D7%9A-%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%98.mp3 Listen to the melody]
* [https://media.chabad.info/chabadinfoheb/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/03-04-2020-05-26-17-119.mp3 Listen to the original melody (before the changes)]

[[Category:Melodies on the Rebbe's chapters]]

The Rebbe

2024-10-30T22:33:54Z

Moshiach Now:

[[File:לערך הרבי שליט"א.png|250px|thumb|left|the Rebbe]]
'''Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson''' (born on the 11th of Nissan 1902 (5662) <ref> The date of the Rebbe's birth became known to the Chassidim for the first time during the Rebbe's visit to Paris, when on the 11th of Nissan, his mother the Rebbetzin Chana, addressed a group of Chassidim, among them Rabbi Ben Tzion Shem Tov, and suggested that they ask the Rebbe to farbreng for his birthday - and indeed it was so, and the Rebbe agreed to farbreng (Yemi Melech Part III, p. 997) </ref>) is a spiritual leader with widespread influence around the world, especially among the Jewish people. He is the seventh leader of Chassidus Chabad and is regarded as the King Moshiach who will bring the true and complete redemption. Among his notable activities are the global network of Shluchim (emissaries) and the ten Mivtzoim (campaigns) he initiated, with the goal to bring Judaism to every Jew. His actions, words, and influence emphasize the anticipation for Moshiach and activities to hasten the redemption.

[[Category:the rebbe]]

{{References}}

The Rebbe

2024-10-30T22:33:32Z

Moshiach Now:

The Rebbe

2024-10-29T22:00:44Z

Moshiach Now:

The Ten Mivtzoim

2024-10-29T21:04:18Z

Moshiach Now: /* References */

{{Template:The rebbe's Mivtzoim}}
'''The Ten Mivtzoim''' are ten commandments that the Rebbe chose to emphasize and promote in order to awaken the people. This is the reason the name 'Mivtza' (campaign) was chosen, indicating a departure from routine.
[[file:Illustrative symbols of the Ten Mivtzoim.jpeg|250px|thumb|left|Illustrative symbols of [[The Ten Mivtzoim]]]]

== Background ==
From the very beginning of his leadership, the Rebbe passionately engaged in spreading Judaism and the wellsprings of Chassidus, inscribing the motto 'Ufaratzta' on his banner.

In continuation of this, the Rebbe initiated these special 'Mivtzoim' (campaigns) to awaken Jews to perform practical commandments, being that 'one mitzvah leads to another mitzvah,' as a result of the great awakening that the Rebbe inspired.

These campaigns were carefully chosen by him, being 'general commandments' that should be observed with greater meticulousness and urgency than any other commandment, because the observance of these commandments by every Jew is more relevant to each individual Jew and to the entire Jewish people as a whole.

In one of the letters<ref> Letter to the student of Yeshivas Tomchei Temimim in Montreal, the end of the month of Sivan 5734 - Likkutei Sichos volume 13 page 205. </ref> the Rebbe connected the Ten Campaigns with what is written in Seforim, that the second letters of the names of the patriarchs Avraham, Yitzchok, and Yaakov (א'''ב'''רהם י'''צ'''חק וי'''ע'''קב) spell 'בצע,' which is related to the Ten Campaigns. The Rebbe explained that the main focus of these campaigns is the practical aspect, as it matches the root 'בצע,' which signifies conclusion and completion<ref> Sicha from Parshas Shelach the 25th of Sivan 5734. </ref>.

== Stages of Foundation ==
The first campaign was '[[Mivtza Tefillin]],' which the Rebbe announced prior to the Six-Day War in 1967 (5727), as a spiritual merit for the salvation of the Jews in the Holy Land.

In the year 1971 (5731), the Rebbe announced '[[Mivtza Torah]].'

In the year 1974 (5734), the Rebbe announced the campaigns: '[[Mivtza Mezuzah]],' '[[Mivtza Tzedakah]],' '[[Mivtza Bayis Molei Seforim]],' '[[Mivtza Neiros Shabbos Kodesh]],'

In the year 1975 (5735), the Rebbe announced the campaigns: '[[Mivtza Kashrus]],' '[[Mivtza Taharas Hamishpacha]].'

In the year 1976 (5736), the Rebbe announced the campaigns: '[[Mivtza Chinuch]],' '[[Mivtza Ahavas Yisroel]] and [[Achdus Yisroel]].'

From then until the mid-'80s, in most gatherings, the Rebbe listed the Ten Mivtzoim. Later, the Mivtza of '[[Ois B'sefer Torah]]' was also added.

== Defense and Rescue Mivtzoim ==
In the year 1974 (5734), the 'Tzaddik from Ra'anana,' Rabbi Yitzchak Huberman, expressed that there would be bloodshed in Israel that year, when the year passed and nothing happened, he was asked to explain this, and he replied that, indeed he saw that this year was supposed to be very difficult for the Jewish nation, but in the merit of the Mivtzoim of the Rebbe which were announced throughout the year, the decree was annulled, and the bloodshed 'moved' to Cyprus, where a fierce war broke out following the Turkish army's invasion.
The Rebbe, in his talks and letters, connected the campaigns themselves to protection and salvation, based on the teachings of our sages (רז"ל).

* '''[[Mivtza Torah]]''' - Torah saves and protects<ref> Sotah 21a.</ref> (תורה מגנא ומצלא).
* '''[[Mivtza Tefillin]]''' - Tefillin cause the nations of the world to fear the Jewish people as it says: "and they will fear you"<ref> Brachos 6a.</ref> (ויראו ממך).
* '''[[Mivtza Mezuzah]]''' - A mezuzah ensures that "Hashem will guard your going out and your coming in from now and for all time," ("השם ישמור צאתך ובואך מעתה ועד עולם") and it is the custom to inscribe the name 'ש-ד-י' on the Mezuzah which stands for "שומר דלתות ישראל".
* '''[[Mivtza Tzedakah]]''' - Charity increases protection, as the promise of Hashem just as you give life to the poor so too Hashem will give life to you <ref> Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 15: 1. </ref>.
* '''[[Mivtza Bayis Molei Seforim]]''' - Just as a Mezuzah protects the home so too does a house full of Seforim - and in the broader sense, the essence of the house transforms into a house of Torah - making it a house which is more guarded and protected <ref> Bamidbar Rabbah beginning of Parshas Korach. </ref>.
* '''[[Mivtza Sefer Torah Haklali]]''' - It is not one of the Ten Mivtzoim but it does provide protection, defense, and success to someone which has a letter in this Sefer Torah.

== Additional Mivtzoim ==
Even before these Mivtzoim started the made sure that yidden would be able to fulfill mitzvos of various yomim tovim, however this of course increased with greater enthusiasm afterward.

These mivtzoim include "[[Mivtza Shofar]]", "[[Mivtza Matzah]]", "[[Mivtza Lulav]]", "[[Mivtza Purim]]", and "[[Mivtza Chanukah]]".

After these ten mivtoim were established, the Rebbe added over the years the mivtzoim: "[[Shleimus Ha’aretz]]" "[[Mihu Yehudi]]" "[[A Moment of Silence]]" "[[The 7 Noahide Laws]]" "[[Ois B'sefer Torah]]" "[[Mivtza Hakhel|Hakhel]]" "[[Mivtza Yom Huledes|Yom Huledes]]".

These Mivtzoim reached the public through the Rebbe's Shluchim (emissaries) in every place.

=== Mivtza Moshiach ===
In the year 5752, in the Sicha at the [[International Conference of Shluchim]] the Rebbe said that the gateway to all matters of Shlichus is "[[The only Shlichus (השליחות היחידה)|to welcome Moshiach tzidkeinu]]" ("קבלת פני משיח צדקנו") and therefore all matters of Shlichus must be permeated with this idea.

== See Also ==
* [https://chabadpedia.co.il/index.php/%D7%A2%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9D This page in Hebrew for additional resources]

{{References}}

[[Category:The Ten Mivtzoim]]

Mivtza Tefillin

2024-10-29T21:04:09Z

Moshiach Now:

{{Template:The rebbe's Mivtzoim}}
'''Mivtza Tefillin''' is the first of [[The Ten Mivtzoim]] which the [[Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (כ"ק אדמו"ר שליט"א)|Rebbe]] announced in 1967 (5727).

The [[Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (כ"ק אדמו"ר שליט"א)|Rebbe]] called upon all Chabad Chassidim to help every Jew put on tefiliin every weekday.
== Establishment of the Mivtza ==
On [[Shabbos Mevorchim]] of the [[Month of Sivan]], parshas Bamidbar in the year [[1927 (5727)|1927]] ([[1927 (5727)|5727]]), a few days before the outbreak of the [[Six-Day War]], a time when Jews were under great tension and in a stress - the Rebbe spoke at the [[Farbrengen (Gathering) With The Rebbe|farbrengen]] in the afternoon, and turned to the Chassidim with a call to go out to the "streets of the city" and help Jews with the Zechus of putting on tefillin, which is a mitzvah that is equivalent to the entire Torah and has a special merit for ensuring the victory of the Jewish nation in war.

Regarding the Mitzvah of tefillin, the Rebbe quoted the Gemara "whoever lays tefillin lengthens their days". Additionally, our sages of blessed memory said that the verse "And all the nations of the world will see that the name of Hashem is called upon you - and they will fear you" ("וראו כל עמי הארץ כי שם ה' נקרא עליך - ויראו ממך") - this is referring to the tefillin of the head<ref> Berachos: 6a </ref>. Therefore, putting on tefillin is a merit for longevity and victory in war by instilling fear on the enemies. And for this reason it is the duty to help every Jew with this important mitzvah, especially the soldiers who are going to the battlefield.

In the days leading up to the war, the words of the Rebbe served as an encouragement to all the Jews around the world. He said that when [[Hakadosh Baruch Hu (G-d)|Hakadosh Baruch Hu]] (G-d) conducts war, the enemy is completely nullified, and then the verse "Not one person will be missing" ("לא נפקד ממנו איש") is fulfilled - meaning all Jews remain complete.

As a result, immediately after [[Shabbos]] ended, this [[Sicha]] was published in [[The Land of Israel|Israel]] and the world, and the next day this big Mivtza began, encompassing the entire Jewish nation, from the young age of [[Bar Mitzvah|bar mitzvah]].

== Continuation of the Mivtza ==
After the victory of the war and the great miracles which occurred, Chabad Chassidim around the world continued with mivtza tefillin, with the encouragement of the Rebbe.

In the meantime there were those who asked the Rebbe why should this mivtza continue, after all, the war ended with a great victory? the Rebbe responded on the [[15th of Teves]] [[1928 (5728)|1928]], that indeed the war ended with great victory, however there are still enemies standing at the border of Israel from all directions, intending to destroy the Jews r"l, only the fear and awe is what's holding them back. And there is another great danger that "From the north, it will open" etc. (referring to the threat from the northern border) G-d forbid, and this danger has grown since the war, however it is not the job of a Rebbe to get Jews scared - rather to awaken and encourage them that everything depends on Teshuvah and good deeds which every Jew is capable of doing, and specifically a mitzvah which instills fear and awe on the enemies like the mitzvah if tefillin.

To encourage the continuation of this mivtza - prominent leaders from Orthodox communities including Rebbes, Rabbis and the heads of Yeshivos, joined and signed a proclamation calling all frum Jews to take action, and join in the continuation of the mivtza.

Three years since the mivtza began, on [[Lag BaOmer]] [[1970 (5730)|1970]] ([[1970 (5730)|5730]]), the yearly parade took place in front of 770. The Rebbe delivered a sicha to thousands of children and adults who attended the parade, and he said: since we have seen that since Lag BaOmer three years ago, when it was spoken about the promise of [[Hakadosh Baruch Hu (G-d)|Hakadosh Baruch Hu]] in his Torah that, "and I will give piece in the land" ("ונתתי שלום בארץ"), "you will dwell safely in your land ("וישבתם לבטח בארצכם"), and it was announced to add in the mitzvah of tefillin, which has saved thousands and tens of thousands of Jews who are alive and well to this day, and they will live long lives.

== Expressions and Instructions ==
In a number places the Rebbe connects 'Mivtza Tefillin' with what it brought in the name of [[The Baal Shem Tov]] on the words of the gemara that in Hashem's tefillin it says "who is like your people, Israel, one nation in the land" ("מי כעמך כישראל גוי אחד בארץ"). There are two types of tefillin, tefillin of the hand and tefillin of the head. The tefillin of the head symbolize the Jews who study Torah in depth, while the hand tefillin symbolize the simple Jews whose service of Hashem is expressed especially in simple actions, and according Halacha we put on the hand tefillin first, being that the primary pleasure above comes from the service of Hashem from these simple Jews.

The Rebbe expressed about himself: "I am passionate about Mivtza Tefillin" ("קאָך איך זיך במבצע תפילין").

The reason why specifically the mitzvah of tefillin was chosen to be a "Mivtza", the Rebbe himself explained is because it is a "General Mitzvah" ("מצוה כללית"), like our sages say that "the entire Torah is compared to tefillin" ("הוקשה כל התורה כולה לתפילין"), and also it is one of the first mitzvos which our ancestors took upon themselves in Egypt.

=== Instructions ===
(Partial list)
* The Rebbe instructed that Yeshiva students should only go out on Mivtza Tefillin in their free time and not during [[Seder|Sedorim]] (Yeshiva hours), on the contrary the Rebbe expressed that someone who says otherwise is not only not my [[Shliach]] (emissary) rather he is acting against me and against my instruction and against the [[Rebbe Rayatz]] and against the [[Rebbe Rashab]] who founded [[Tomchei Temimim]].
* To go out on [[mivtzoim]] only with a partner, not alone.
* To go with food and drink in order to give people so they can make a Brachah (blessing).
* Not to go in the first or last cart in the subway.

== The Halachic Controversy Surrounding the Mivtza ==
After the announcement of the mivtza, there was opposition from various circles, primarily Charedim, through various ways both orally and in writing. For a long time the Rebbe refrained from addressing these claims, but after a half a year the Rebbe said he decided to respond to these claims. The first time the Rebbe publicly addressed these claims was at the [[Farbrengen (Gathering) With The Rebbe|farbrengen]] (gathering) on [[Shabbos Bereshis|shabbos Bereshis]] [[1928 (5728)|1928]] ([[1928 (5728)|5728]]). The Rebbe said that these claims are very encouraging, because anything holy that is revealed in this world faces opposition, and if this wouldn't have happened, it would greatly worry him, he the went on to answer the questions.

Among other things the Rebbe emphasized that this mivtza is a fulfillment of the Mitzvah of [[Rebuke]] (תוכחה) by reminding a Jew to put on tefillin and encouraging him to observe it.

=== The Questions ===
*
*
*

=== The Answers ===
*
*
*

== The Mivtza Today ==
== See Also ==
[https://chabadpedia.co.il/index.php/%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A6%D7%A2_%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F This page in Hebrew for additional resources]
[[Category:The Ten Mivtzoim]]
[[Category:Tefillin]]

{{References}}

The Rebbe

2024-10-29T21:03:46Z

Moshiach Now:

'''Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson''' (born on the 11th of Nissan 1902 (5662) <ref> The date of the Rebbe's birth became known to the Chassidim for the first time during the Rebbe's visit to Paris, when on the 11th of Nissan, his mother the Rebbetzin Chana, addressed a group of Chassidim, among them Rabbi Ben Tzion Shem Tov, and suggested that they ask the Rebbe to farbreng for his birthday - and indeed it was so, and the Rebbe agreed to farbreng (Yemi Melech Part III, p. 997) </ref>) is a spiritual leader with widespread influence around the world, especially among the Jewish people. He is the seventh leader of Chassidus Chabad and is regarded as the King Moshiach who will bring the true and complete redemption. Among his notable activities are the global network of Shluchim (emissaries) and the ten Mivtzoim (campaigns) he initiated, with the goal to bring Judaism to every Jew. His actions, words, and influence emphasize the anticipation for Moshiach and activities to hasten the redemption.

{{References}}

2024-08-09T19:34:36Z

Moshiach Now:

Hi, i am [[User:Moshiach Now|Moshiach Now]]; and and I am so happy to be part of this special project!!

==pages I made==
[[Help:Welcome]]
[[Yemos Hamoshiach]]
[[Chabadpedia]]

[[יחי אדוננו מורנו ורבינו מלך המשיח לעולם ועד]]

[[LONG LIVE OUR MASTER TEACHER AND REBBE KING MOSHIACH forever and ever]]

Yemos Hamoshiach

2024-08-09T19:33:58Z

Moshiach Now:

2024-07-03T15:36:38Z

Moshiach Now: Created page with "'''Welcome to Chabadpedia'''! Chabadpedia is a collaborative and free Chabad encyclopedia that anyone can edit. The goal of the encyclopedia is to disseminate the teachings on a global scale, with the potential to bring about the redemption through the teachings of the Rebbe. Since the aim is to create a comprehensive Chabad encyclopedia, writing on Chabadpedia is free - without the need for prior registration - and anyone can add and modify existing e..."

Template:Reflist

2024-06-30T02:54:24Z

Moshiach Now: /* References */

{{References}}
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{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>

The Baal Shem Tov

2024-06-30T02:53:25Z

Moshiach Now:

[[File:The Kever of the Baal Shem Tov.jpg|250px|thumb|left|The Kever of the Baal Shem Tov]]
[[File:The Baal Shem Tov signature.png|250px|thumb|left|The Baal Shem Tov signature]]
'''Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov''', also known by the acronym '''Besht''', is considered the founder of the Chassidic movement and its philosophy, from which all Chassidic courts derived. Before revealing himself as a mystic leader, the Baal Shem Tov headed a secret fellowship of hidden mystics.

The Baal Shem Tov was born on August 21 1698 (18 Elul 5458). He passed away on May 21, 1760 (6 Sivan 5520). He is buried in Medzhybizh, in present-day Ukraine.

== Biography ==

=== Early years ===

In 1648 (5408), fifty years before the birth of the Baal Shem Tov, the great Khmelnytsky Uprising took place. It was a rebellion of the Cossacks against the ruling class, during which murderous pogroms against Jews destroyed entire communities. These events are known as ''Gzerot Tach VeTat'', an acronym for the Hebrew years [5]408–[5]409.

As a result of the horrible pogroms, the spiritual and material situation of the Jews was in great decline. Chassidic teachings refer to this period as “the fainting,” similar to a man who lost consciousness and fell into a deep sleep. Rabbi Pinchas Koritzer, a Chassidic scholar, said that the Baal Shem Tov’s soul descended into the world to awaken the souls of Israel from their state of unconsciousness.

The Lubavitcher Rebbe explains that in the same way that a person's first name is called to awaken him when he faints because the name comes from the essence of the soul, so too, when the soul's essence awakens, he himself comes to life. Before the Baal Shem Tov was revealed as a leader, the Jewish people were sunk into unconsciousness and the Almighty sent down the soul of the Besht (with the powerful name Israel) to awaken the essence of the soul of the people and rouse them from their sleep.

The Chabad scholar R’ Hillel Paricher testified in the name of his teacher R’ Mordechai of Chernobyl, who heard from his father the Maor Einayim, that on the 18th of Elul the Besht was born in body, spirit and soul. In body—his physical birth. In soul—when his holy teacher and mentor revealed himself to him. And in spirit—when he was revealed to the Jewish people.

=== Background ===
The Baal Shem Tov's parents, R' Eliezer and Sarah, were a barren couple who lived in a settlement near Okopy, in western Ukraine, and frequently hosted people in fulfillment of the mitzvah of ''[[hachnasat orchim]]''.

A guest once arrived close to Shabbat, dirty and dressed in bedraggled clothing. R' Eliezer greeted him joyfully, paying no heed to his attire and hosting him with great care. After Shabbat, the guest revealed that he was Elijah the Prophet, coming to test him in his commitment to hachnasat orchim. The couple passed the test, and in the merit of their hachnasat orchim, Sarah gave birth to their only child, a son.

=== Education ===

The Baal Shem Tov was orphaned at the age of 5. Before his death, R' Eliezer told him: "Son, do not fear anyone but G-d Himself, and love every Jew with all your heart no matter who he is and what he does." The Baal Shem Tov internalized the message and lived by it.

The townsfolk took care of the orphan for a few short years, after which he was left to fend for himself.

In his youth, the Baal Shem Tov enjoyed spending time in the forest after ''cheder''<ref>'''Cheder''' (Hebrew: “room”) – A traditional Jewish religious elementary school.</ref>', reviewing his studies and enjoying nature. On one occasion, he encountered a hidden ''tzaddik'' <ref>''tzaddik'' (Hebrew: righteous man)</ref> engaged in devout prayer under a tree. The Baal Shem Tov observed the man and asked him to teach him Torah. After some time, the tzaddik introduced him to Rabbi Meir, the head of a secret fellowship of hidden mystics. The Baal Shem Tov studied with Rabbi Meir for 4 years, gaining knowledge of the inner dimension of the Torah and Kabbalah. In later days, the Baal Shem Tov told his disciples that during those years with Rabbi Meir, he met Elijah the prophet.

=== Marriage ===

The Baal Shem Tov moved to Brody, near Podolia, where he worked as a teacher in a ''cheder''. There, he met Rabbi Ephraim of Brody, a city dignitary and father of the well-known Rabbi Gershon of Kitov. Rabbi Ephraim was so impressed by the young man that he offered his daughter Chana as a bride. At their wedding, after the death of Rabbi Ephraim, the Besht showed up dressed as a peasant, wishing to appear as a simple man. After the wedding, R' Israel spent time partaking in ''hitbodedut''<ref>''hitbodedut'' (Hebrew: "spiritual seclusion")</ref> in fields and forests while the couple moved from village to village. Eventually, the Besht became a ''melamed'' in a town in Poland, and the couple lived in dire financial straits.

== Activities and leadership ==

=== Children's education ===

Prior to revealing himself as a ''tzaddik'', the Baal Shem Tov worked as a teacher's assistant and his job was to walk the children from their homes to the ''cheder''. In the course of these walks, the Besht educated the children on spiritual concepts, in particular, the concept of responding ''amen'' when appropriate. Additionally, he protected them from any danger on the way to school, such as dogs.

The Besht took on this work with joy and endless love, so much so that in later years he told his best students that "those were the happiest days of his life." His student, the Maggid of Mezritch, reflected: "If only people would kiss the ''Sefer Torah''<ref>''Sefer Torah'' (Hebrew: "Torah scroll")</ref> with the same amount of love with which the Baal Shem Tov kissed the children when he walked them to ''cheder'' when he was a teacher's assistant."

At age 18, in 1716 (5746), the Besht proposed a new course of action to his friends from the fellowship of hidden mystics: to go from village to village and ensure each one had a teacher for the local children. In villages lacking a teacher, the hidden mystics would serve as teachers. During that period, the Besht also served as a teacher.

=== Head of the fellowship of hidden mystics ===

At age 14, in 1712 (5742), the Baal Shem Tov was inducted into the fellowship of hidden mystics, which was then under the leadership of the ''Baal Shem''<ref>''Baal Shem'' (Hebrew: "master of the name"), a title applied to those who possess a mastery of the kabbalistic names of God and His angels.</ref> Rabbi Adam of Ropshitz.

Before Rabbi Adam Baal Shem passed away, he was directed in a dream to pass on the "writings" in his possession to Israel, son of Eliezer from Okopy. He sent his son to search for R' Israel and asked him to deliver the writings because they belonged to the root of his soul, and if he agreed to study with his son, even better. After a long search, the son found a house of study watchman named Israel, who was then 14 years old. He asked R' Israel to teach him and he agreed on the condition that they make it appear that he is the student. As a result of this studying, the Besht was matched with a woman from Okopy and married. His wife passed away shortly after the wedding.

At age 18, the Baal Shem Tov was formally appointed as leader of the fellowship of hidden mystics.

On his 26th birthday, ''Achiya Hashiloni''<ref>''Achiya Hashiloni'', an ancient prophet. </ref> revealed himself to him and taught him Torah for 10 years. During this time, he disclosed the enlightenment found in ''nigleh''<ref>''nigleh'' (Hebrew: "revealed"), the revealed aspects of the Torah. </ref> and Kabbalah as he was taught in ''Gan Eden''<ref>''Gan Eden'' Garden of Eden.</ref>. On the Besht's 36th birthday, his teacher urged him to reveal himself.

=== Revelation and name ===

On the 17th of Elul 1734 (5494), Achiya Hashiloni ordered the Baal Shem Tov to reveal himself to the world, and he first revealed himself in the town of Tolste. Afterward, the Baal Shem Tov began to transmit his teachings through travel and wanderings. At first, he dealt primarily with ''pidyon shvuyim,'' <ref>''pidyon shvuyim'' (Hebrew: "ransoming of captives")</ref> strengthening Torah study and piety and disseminating the inner dimensions of the Torah. During his travels, he visited Horodenka, Kitov, Nemyriv, Sharhorod (In Yiddish: Shridgrod) in Galicia and Podolia, Polonne, Bila Tserkva, and Zaslaw in the district of Volhynia.

In the course of his travels, the Besht healed people with remedies as well as amulets. His amulets were written by the scribe Rabbi Alexander Ziskind, and later on, when demand increased, he was helped by Rabbi Tzvi Sofer, whose writings were of high value. Eventually, Rabbi Sofer remained as the sole scribe.

In contrast to the ''Baalei Shem'' who preceded him, the Baal Shem Tov did not summon the divine names and the amulets he distributed did not contain the divine names. For that reason, amongst others, his name differed from other ''Baalei Shem'', with the addition of the word ''Tov''<ref>''Tov'' (Hebrew: :good")</ref>.

In the year 1740 (5500), the Baal Shem Tov moved to Medzhybizh, where admirers and ''chassidim''<ref>''Chassidim'' are followers or adherents.</ref> began to congregate around him, among them many great Torah scholars and well-known ''tzaddikim''. The Besht studied ''Gemarah'' with his students. The class was sharp and brilliant and also included the study of the ''Rambam,'' ''Rif'' and the rest of the commentators known as ''Rishonim,'' as applicable to the relevant ''Gemarah''. The Baal Shem Tov translated the words from Hebrew or Aramaic to Yiddish.

During that same period, the Baal Shem Tov was also planning to move to the Land of Israel, a place that loomed large in his teachings, but his plans did not come to fruition.

=== Ascent to the chamber of Moshiach ===

On ''Rosh Hashanah'' 1746 (5507), the Baal Shem Tov experienced an ascent of the soul to the higher realms, which he related at length in the manuscript known as ''Igeret HaGeulah''. During the ascent, the King Moshiach told him that his arrival depended on the spreading of wellsprings of ''Chassidut''. The Besht himself wrote a description of the ascent and the words of the King Moshiach in a letter he sent to his brother-in-law R' Gershon Kitover, and it said the following:

{{Reflist}}

File:The Kever of the Baal Shem Tov.jpg

2024-06-30T02:52:43Z

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== Summary ==
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The Baal Shem Tov

2024-06-30T02:51:53Z

Moshiach Now:

[[File:The Baal Shem Tov signature.png|200px|thumb|left|The Baal Shem Tov signature]]
'''Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov''', also known by the acronym '''Besht''', is considered the founder of the Chassidic movement and its philosophy, from which all Chassidic courts derived. Before revealing himself as a mystic leader, the Baal Shem Tov headed a secret fellowship of hidden mystics.

The Baal Shem Tov was born on August 21 1698 (18 Elul 5458). He passed away on May 21, 1760 (6 Sivan 5520). He is buried in Medzhybizh, in present-day Ukraine.

== Biography ==

=== Early years ===

In 1648 (5408), fifty years before the birth of the Baal Shem Tov, the great Khmelnytsky Uprising took place. It was a rebellion of the Cossacks against the ruling class, during which murderous pogroms against Jews destroyed entire communities. These events are known as ''Gzerot Tach VeTat'', an acronym for the Hebrew years [5]408–[5]409.

As a result of the horrible pogroms, the spiritual and material situation of the Jews was in great decline. Chassidic teachings refer to this period as “the fainting,” similar to a man who lost consciousness and fell into a deep sleep. Rabbi Pinchas Koritzer, a Chassidic scholar, said that the Baal Shem Tov’s soul descended into the world to awaken the souls of Israel from their state of unconsciousness.

The Lubavitcher Rebbe explains that in the same way that a person's first name is called to awaken him when he faints because the name comes from the essence of the soul, so too, when the soul's essence awakens, he himself comes to life. Before the Baal Shem Tov was revealed as a leader, the Jewish people were sunk into unconsciousness and the Almighty sent down the soul of the Besht (with the powerful name Israel) to awaken the essence of the soul of the people and rouse them from their sleep.

The Chabad scholar R’ Hillel Paricher testified in the name of his teacher R’ Mordechai of Chernobyl, who heard from his father the Maor Einayim, that on the 18th of Elul the Besht was born in body, spirit and soul. In body—his physical birth. In soul—when his holy teacher and mentor revealed himself to him. And in spirit—when he was revealed to the Jewish people.

=== Background ===
The Baal Shem Tov's parents, R' Eliezer and Sarah, were a barren couple who lived in a settlement near Okopy, in western Ukraine, and frequently hosted people in fulfillment of the mitzvah of ''[[hachnasat orchim]]''.

A guest once arrived close to Shabbat, dirty and dressed in bedraggled clothing. R' Eliezer greeted him joyfully, paying no heed to his attire and hosting him with great care. After Shabbat, the guest revealed that he was Elijah the Prophet, coming to test him in his commitment to hachnasat orchim. The couple passed the test, and in the merit of their hachnasat orchim, Sarah gave birth to their only child, a son.

=== Education ===

The Baal Shem Tov was orphaned at the age of 5. Before his death, R' Eliezer told him: "Son, do not fear anyone but G-d Himself, and love every Jew with all your heart no matter who he is and what he does." The Baal Shem Tov internalized the message and lived by it.

The townsfolk took care of the orphan for a few short years, after which he was left to fend for himself.

In his youth, the Baal Shem Tov enjoyed spending time in the forest after ''cheder''<ref>'''Cheder''' (Hebrew: “room”) – A traditional Jewish religious elementary school.</ref>', reviewing his studies and enjoying nature. On one occasion, he encountered a hidden ''tzaddik'' <ref>''tzaddik'' (Hebrew: righteous man)</ref> engaged in devout prayer under a tree. The Baal Shem Tov observed the man and asked him to teach him Torah. After some time, the tzaddik introduced him to Rabbi Meir, the head of a secret fellowship of hidden mystics. The Baal Shem Tov studied with Rabbi Meir for 4 years, gaining knowledge of the inner dimension of the Torah and Kabbalah. In later days, the Baal Shem Tov told his disciples that during those years with Rabbi Meir, he met Elijah the prophet.

=== Marriage ===

The Baal Shem Tov moved to Brody, near Podolia, where he worked as a teacher in a ''cheder''. There, he met Rabbi Ephraim of Brody, a city dignitary and father of the well-known Rabbi Gershon of Kitov. Rabbi Ephraim was so impressed by the young man that he offered his daughter Chana as a bride. At their wedding, after the death of Rabbi Ephraim, the Besht showed up dressed as a peasant, wishing to appear as a simple man. After the wedding, R' Israel spent time partaking in ''hitbodedut''<ref>''hitbodedut'' (Hebrew: "spiritual seclusion")</ref> in fields and forests while the couple moved from village to village. Eventually, the Besht became a ''melamed'' in a town in Poland, and the couple lived in dire financial straits.

== Activities and leadership ==

=== Children's education ===

Prior to revealing himself as a ''tzaddik'', the Baal Shem Tov worked as a teacher's assistant and his job was to walk the children from their homes to the ''cheder''. In the course of these walks, the Besht educated the children on spiritual concepts, in particular, the concept of responding ''amen'' when appropriate. Additionally, he protected them from any danger on the way to school, such as dogs.

The Besht took on this work with joy and endless love, so much so that in later years he told his best students that "those were the happiest days of his life." His student, the Maggid of Mezritch, reflected: "If only people would kiss the ''Sefer Torah''<ref>''Sefer Torah'' (Hebrew: "Torah scroll")</ref> with the same amount of love with which the Baal Shem Tov kissed the children when he walked them to ''cheder'' when he was a teacher's assistant."

At age 18, in 1716 (5746), the Besht proposed a new course of action to his friends from the fellowship of hidden mystics: to go from village to village and ensure each one had a teacher for the local children. In villages lacking a teacher, the hidden mystics would serve as teachers. During that period, the Besht also served as a teacher.

=== Head of the fellowship of hidden mystics ===

At age 14, in 1712 (5742), the Baal Shem Tov was inducted into the fellowship of hidden mystics, which was then under the leadership of the ''Baal Shem''<ref>''Baal Shem'' (Hebrew: "master of the name"), a title applied to those who possess a mastery of the kabbalistic names of God and His angels.</ref> Rabbi Adam of Ropshitz.

Before Rabbi Adam Baal Shem passed away, he was directed in a dream to pass on the "writings" in his possession to Israel, son of Eliezer from Okopy. He sent his son to search for R' Israel and asked him to deliver the writings because they belonged to the root of his soul, and if he agreed to study with his son, even better. After a long search, the son found a house of study watchman named Israel, who was then 14 years old. He asked R' Israel to teach him and he agreed on the condition that they make it appear that he is the student. As a result of this studying, the Besht was matched with a woman from Okopy and married. His wife passed away shortly after the wedding.

At age 18, the Baal Shem Tov was formally appointed as leader of the fellowship of hidden mystics.

On his 26th birthday, ''Achiya Hashiloni''<ref>''Achiya Hashiloni'', an ancient prophet. </ref> revealed himself to him and taught him Torah for 10 years. During this time, he disclosed the enlightenment found in ''nigleh''<ref>''nigleh'' (Hebrew: "revealed"), the revealed aspects of the Torah. </ref> and Kabbalah as he was taught in ''Gan Eden''<ref>''Gan Eden'' Garden of Eden.</ref>. On the Besht's 36th birthday, his teacher urged him to reveal himself.

=== Revelation and name ===

On the 17th of Elul 1734 (5494), Achiya Hashiloni ordered the Baal Shem Tov to reveal himself to the world, and he first revealed himself in the town of Tolste. Afterward, the Baal Shem Tov began to transmit his teachings through travel and wanderings. At first, he dealt primarily with ''pidyon shvuyim,'' <ref>''pidyon shvuyim'' (Hebrew: "ransoming of captives")</ref> strengthening Torah study and piety and disseminating the inner dimensions of the Torah. During his travels, he visited Horodenka, Kitov, Nemyriv, Sharhorod (In Yiddish: Shridgrod) in Galicia and Podolia, Polonne, Bila Tserkva, and Zaslaw in the district of Volhynia.

In the course of his travels, the Besht healed people with remedies as well as amulets. His amulets were written by the scribe Rabbi Alexander Ziskind, and later on, when demand increased, he was helped by Rabbi Tzvi Sofer, whose writings were of high value. Eventually, Rabbi Sofer remained as the sole scribe.

In contrast to the ''Baalei Shem'' who preceded him, the Baal Shem Tov did not summon the divine names and the amulets he distributed did not contain the divine names. For that reason, amongst others, his name differed from other ''Baalei Shem'', with the addition of the word ''Tov''<ref>''Tov'' (Hebrew: :good")</ref>.

In the year 1740 (5500), the Baal Shem Tov moved to Medzhybizh, where admirers and ''chassidim''<ref>''Chassidim'' are followers or adherents.</ref> began to congregate around him, among them many great Torah scholars and well-known ''tzaddikim''. The Besht studied ''Gemarah'' with his students. The class was sharp and brilliant and also included the study of the ''Rambam,'' ''Rif'' and the rest of the commentators known as ''Rishonim,'' as applicable to the relevant ''Gemarah''. The Baal Shem Tov translated the words from Hebrew or Aramaic to Yiddish.

During that same period, the Baal Shem Tov was also planning to move to the Land of Israel, a place that loomed large in his teachings, but his plans did not come to fruition.

=== Ascent to the chamber of Moshiach ===

On ''Rosh Hashanah'' 1746 (5507), the Baal Shem Tov experienced an ascent of the soul to the higher realms, which he related at length in the manuscript known as ''Igeret HaGeulah''. During the ascent, the King Moshiach told him that his arrival depended on the spreading of wellsprings of ''Chassidut''. The Besht himself wrote a description of the ascent and the words of the King Moshiach in a letter he sent to his brother-in-law R' Gershon Kitover, and it said the following:

{{Reflist}}

File:The Baal Shem Tov signature.png

2024-06-30T02:51:35Z

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== Summary ==
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