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Mivtza Tefillin

2024-10-14T02:32:14Z

Leibel K.: fixed wording

{{Template:The rebbe's Mivtzoim}}
'''Mivtza Tefillin''' is the first of [[The Ten Mivtzoim]] which the [[Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (כ"ק אדמו"ר שליט"א)|Rebbe]] announced in 1967 (5727).

The [[Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (כ"ק אדמו"ר שליט"א)|Rebbe]] called upon all Chabad Chassidim to help every Jew put on tefiliin every weekday.
== Establishment of the Mivtza ==
On [[Shabbos Mevorchim]] of the [[Month of Sivan]], parshas Bamidbar in the year [[1927 (5727)|1927]] ([[1927 (5727)|5727]]), a few days before the outbreak of the [[Six-Day War]], a time when Jews were under great tension and in a stress - the Rebbe spoke at the [[Farbrengen|farbrengen]] in the afternoon, and turned to the Chassidim with a call to go out to the "streets of the city" and help Jews with the Zechus of putting on tefillin, which is a mitzvah that is equivalent to the entire Torah and has a special merit for ensuring the victory of the Jewish nation in war.

Regarding the Mitzvah of tefillin, the Rebbe quoted the Gemara "whoever lays tefillin lengthens their days". Additionally, our sages of blessed memory said that the verse "And all the nations of the world will see that the name of Hashem is called upon you - and they will fear you" ("וראו כל עמי הארץ כי שם ה' נקרא עליך - ויראו ממך") - this is referring to the tefillin of the head<ref> Berachos: 6a </ref>. Therefore, putting on tefillin is a merit for longevity and victory in war by instilling fear on the enemies. And for this reason it is the duty to help every Jew with this important mitzvah, especially the soldiers who are going to the battlefield.

In the days leading up to the war, the words of the Rebbe served as an encouragement to all the Jews around the world. He said that when [[Hakadosh Baruch Hu (G-d)|Hakadosh Baruch Hu]] (G-d) conducts war, the enemy is completely nullified, and then the verse "Not one person will be missing" ("לא נפקד ממנו איש") is fulfilled - meaning all Jews remain complete.

As a result, immediately after [[Shabbos]] ended, this [[Sicha]] was published in [[The Land of Israel|Israel]] and the world, and the next day this big Mivtza began, encompassing the entire Jewish nation, from the young age of [[Bar Mitzvah|bar mitzvah]].

== Continuation of the Mivtza ==
After the victory of the war and the great miracles which occurred, Chabad Chassidim around the world continued with mivtza tefillin, with the encouragement of the Rebbe.

In the meantime there were those who asked the Rebbe why should this mivtza continue, after all, the war ended with a great victory? the Rebbe responded on the [[15th of Teves]] [[1928 (5728)|1928]], that indeed the war ended with great victory, however there are still enemies standing at the border of Israel from all directions, intending to destroy the Jews r"l, only the fear and awe is what's holding them back. And there is another great danger that "From the north, it will open" etc. (referring to the threat from the northern border) G-d forbid, and this danger has grown since the war, however it is not the job of a Rebbe to get Jews scared - rather to awaken and encourage them that everything depends on Teshuvah and good deeds which every Jew is capable of doing, and specifically a mitzvah which instills fear and awe on the enemies like the mitzvah if tefillin.

== Expressions and Instructions ==
=== Instructions ===
== The Halachic Controversy Surrounding the Mivtza ==
=== The Questions ===
=== The Answers ===
== The Mivtza Today ==
== See Also ==
== For Further Insight ==
[[Category:The Ten Mivtzoim]]
[[Category:Tefillin]]

Chabadpedia

2024-07-08T01:48:19Z

Leibel K.: fixed wording

'''Chabadpedia''' is a Chabad-ran encyclopedia for English and Hebrew speakers on the Internet, featuring thousands of articles. Its main purpose is to disseminate and make accessible the teachings of Chabad Hasidism to the general public.

Chabadpedia operates through wiki software for online encyclopedias, also used by large encyclopedias like Wikipedia, with a version tailored to the observant Jewish community such as WikiYeshiva and others. It presents to the reader all available knowledge about Chabad Hasidism, its leaders, and its teachings, with an emphasis on matters of redemption and Messiah. Chabadpedia also covers other topics related to Chabad Hasidism and Judaism in general.

==History==
Significant importance was given by the Rebbe to the editing of compilations and key Torah books, as well as to projects such as the Talmudic Encyclopedia and the Chabad Encyclopedia project.
The Rebbe also encouraged the publication of books that collect the names and pictures of students of yeshivas and supporters of Chabad around the world, such as the book "Levavitch and its Soldiers" and later "The Tzaddikim Book". Similarly, the album "The Shluchim Book" received special attention, featuring pictures of the Rebbe's emissaries and their families, as well as from Chabad institutions worldwide.
The Rebbe's view on the importance of harnessing technology for holiness and spreading the springs is well known. As the Rebbe said during the 'Chanukah Live' event in 1992, broadcast via satellite worldwide: "Since 'all that God created in His world, He created only for His honor' (Avot 6:11), it is understood, as it applies also to all scientific discoveries that have been renewed and are being revealed in recent years, 'their purpose and goal' is to add to the honor of God, by exploiting them for purposes of holiness, Torah, and its commandments."
With the rise of collaborative encyclopedias on the Internet in the early 2000s, students at Tomchei Temimim Central Yeshiva 770 initiated, with the support of the Chabad Info website, the establishment of a collaborative Chabad encyclopedia on the Internet.
Chabadpedia was founded on the 24th of Sivan, 5767 (2007), with 1000 articles. Its first name was 'Infopedia', named after the Chabad Info website, which sponsored it.

Since its founding, Chabadpedia has been written, improved, and operated by volunteers from Chabad Hasidim, including rabbis, students of Chabad yeshivas, and emissaries of the Rebbe from around the world. Volunteers write articles, create the graphics that adorn the encyclopedia, and assist in editing and monitoring the content against corruption.
With the establishment of the Chabad in Israel website in 2010 by the administrators of the Association of Chabad Hasidim in Israel, it also provided sponsorship.

==Activities==
Chabadpedia is the fastest growing Internet encyclopedia, apart from Wikipedia itself, in Israel, which focuses on Chabad Hasidism.
As of now, Chabadpedia has {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles, with {{NUMBEROFEDITS}} edits made to them. It includes {{NUMBEROFUSERS}} registered users, including {{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} active users and {{NUMBEROFSYSOPS}} system operators responsible for managing the site.
Articles from Chabadpedia are often used as sources in various wiki sites and in print media.

== Structure ==
Chabadpedia's goal is to consolidate all information on Chabad Hasidism in simple language that is understandable even to those not familiar with the world of Chabad Hasidism, in concepts, history, and personalities.
Chabadpedia deals primarily with articles dealing with the teachings of Hasidism, given that the revelation of the King Messiah to the Baal Shem Tov depends on the spread of Torah springs to the other side.
In addition, due to the words of the Rebbe that "the straight path to bring redemption is to study matters of redemption and Messiah", values on these topics are central and central to Chabadpedia.

===Projects===
Periodically, Chabadpedia editors initiate projects aimed at creating or enhancing articles within the Chabad-centric encyclopedia. These projects focus on various topics in Judaism and Hasidism, or on the creation and enrichment of a defined number of articles. Projects also include initiatives related to significant dates in the Chabad calendar. Often, these projects are publicized on Chabad news websites during their execution and upon completion.

==Site Administration==
As a collaborative site, Chabadpedia has no centralized administration, allowing anyone to edit and improve its articles. There are users granted {{Chabadpedia|מפעיל מערכת|system operator}} privileges, enabling them to delete pages and more.

The site's founder and initial editor is Rabbi {{א|Elchanan|Elchanan Zeiger}}.
The site is managed by [[Chabad Info]], which sponsors and funds it, overseen by Rabbi [[Shraga Crombie]].

===Spiritual Committee===
Chabadpedia operates under a [[Chabadpedia Committee|Spiritual Committee]], which navigates the site's direction. The committee's role is to determine the content and style of Chabadpedia and to decide in cases of disagreement, although its members do not review the content of the articles continuously updated by users.

As of [[5784]], the Spiritual Committee of the site includes rabbis [[Shlomo Zalman Levkivker]] and [[Yosef Avraham Pizem]], who collaborate with the [[Chabad Law Institute]].

Former committee members include Rabbi [[Shalom Yaakov Chazan]], Rabbi [[Shneur Zalman Hertzel]], and Rabbi [[Shmuel Kaslman]].

==See also==
[[Main page]]

==External links==
*[http://old2.ih.chabad.info/index.php?url=article_he&id=58270 The Chabad Encyclopedia: 5,000,000 Views!] - 17 Kislev 5771 (24 November 2010) {{Info}}
*[http://old2.ih.chabad.info/index.php?url=article_he&id=61411 The Chabad Encyclopedia: 9,000,000 Views!] - 8 Iyar 5771 (12 May 2011) {{Info}}
*[http://chabad.info/blogs/Yedidya-Meir-Writes-About-Chabadpedia-Pioneering-From-the-Inside/ Yedidya Meir on Chabadpedia] - 15 Tammuz 5775 {{Info}}
[[Shneur Zalman Berger]], '''[https://chabad.info/magazine/274305/ The Faces Behind the Chabadpedia Revolution]''' - Beis Moshiach Magazine, 8 Sivan 5777 (2 June 2017) {{Info}}
[https://chabad.info/special/991980/ Chabadpedia: 10,000 Articles!] 28 Menachem Av 5783 {{Info}}

The Baal Shem Tov

2024-07-08T01:15:51Z

Leibel K.: Linked words

[[File:The Kever of the Baal Shem Tov.jpg|250px|thumb|left|The Kever of the Baal Shem Tov]]
[[File:The Baal Shem Tov signature.png|250px|thumb|left|The Baal Shem Tov signature]]
'''Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov''', also known by the acronym '''Besht''', is considered the founder of the [[Chassidic movement]] and its philosophy, from which all Chassidic courts derived. Before revealing himself as a mystic leader, the Baal Shem Tov headed a [[secret fellowship of hidden mystics]].

The Baal Shem Tov was born on August 21 1698 ([[18 Elul 5458]]). He passed away on May 21, 1760 (6 Sivan 5520). He is buried in [[Medzhybizh]], in present-day [[Ukraine]].

== Biography ==

=== Early years ===

In 1648 (5408), fifty years before the birth of the Baal Shem Tov, the great Khmelnytsky Uprising took place. It was a rebellion of the Cossacks against the ruling class, during which murderous pogroms against Jews destroyed entire communities. These events are known as ''[[Gzerot Tach VeTat]]'', an acronym for the Hebrew years [5]408–[5]409.

As a result of the horrible pogroms, the spiritual and material situation of the Jews was in great decline. Chassidic teachings refer to this period as “the fainting,” similar to a man who lost consciousness and fell into a deep sleep. [[Rabbi Pinchas Koritzer]], a Chassidic scholar, said that the Baal Shem Tov’s soul descended into the world to awaken the souls of Israel from their state of unconsciousness.

The [[Lubavitcher Rebbe]] explains that in the same way that a person's first name is called to awaken him when he faints because the name comes from the essence of the soul, so too, when the soul's essence awakens, he himself comes to life. Before the Baal Shem Tov was revealed as a leader, the Jewish people were sunk into unconsciousness and the Almighty sent down the soul of the Besht (with the powerful name Israel) to awaken the essence of the soul of the people and rouse them from their sleep.

The Chabad scholar R’ Hillel Paricher testified in the name of his teacher R’ Mordechai of Chernobyl, who heard from his father the Maor Einayim, that on the 18th of Elul the Besht was born in body, spirit and soul. In body—his physical birth. In soul—when his holy teacher and mentor revealed himself to him. And in spirit—when he was revealed to the Jewish people.

=== Background ===
The Baal Shem Tov's parents, R' Eliezer and Sarah, were a barren couple who lived in a settlement near Okopy, in western Ukraine, and frequently hosted people in fulfillment of the mitzvah of ''[[hachnasat orchim]]''.

A guest once arrived close to Shabbat, dirty and dressed in bedraggled clothing. R' Eliezer greeted him joyfully, paying no heed to his attire and hosting him with great care. After Shabbat, the guest revealed that he was Elijah the Prophet, coming to test him in his commitment to hachnasat orchim. The couple passed the test, and in the merit of their hachnasat orchim, Sarah gave birth to their only child, a son.

=== Education ===

The Baal Shem Tov was orphaned at the age of 5. Before his death, R' Eliezer told him: "Son, do not fear anyone but G-d Himself, and love every Jew with all your heart no matter who he is and what he does." The Baal Shem Tov internalized the message and lived by it.

The townsfolk took care of the orphan for a few short years, after which he was left to fend for himself.

In his youth, the Baal Shem Tov enjoyed spending time in the forest after ''cheder''<ref>'''Cheder''' (Hebrew: “room”) – A traditional Jewish religious elementary school.</ref>', reviewing his studies and enjoying nature. On one occasion, he encountered a hidden ''tzaddik'' <ref>''tzaddik'' (Hebrew: righteous man)</ref> engaged in devout prayer under a tree. The Baal Shem Tov observed the man and asked him to teach him Torah. After some time, the tzaddik introduced him to Rabbi Meir, the head of a secret fellowship of hidden mystics. The Baal Shem Tov studied with Rabbi Meir for 4 years, gaining knowledge of the inner dimension of the Torah and Kabbalah. In later days, the Baal Shem Tov told his disciples that during those years with Rabbi Meir, he met Elijah the prophet.

=== Marriage ===

The Baal Shem Tov moved to Brody, near Podolia, where he worked as a teacher in a ''cheder''. There, he met Rabbi Ephraim of Brody, a city dignitary and father of the well-known Rabbi Gershon of Kitov. Rabbi Ephraim was so impressed by the young man that he offered his daughter Chana as a bride. At their wedding, after the death of Rabbi Ephraim, the Besht showed up dressed as a peasant, wishing to appear as a simple man. After the wedding, R' Israel spent time partaking in ''hitbodedut''<ref>''hitbodedut'' (Hebrew: "spiritual seclusion")</ref> in fields and forests while the couple moved from village to village. Eventually, the Besht became a ''melamed'' in a town in Poland, and the couple lived in dire financial straits.

==Activities and leadership==

===Children's education===

Prior to revealing himself as a ''tzaddik'', the Baal Shem Tov worked as a teacher's assistant and his job was to walk the children from their homes to the ''cheder''. In the course of these walks, the Besht educated the children on spiritual concepts, in particular, the concept of responding ''amen'' when appropriate. Additionally, he protected them from any danger on the way to school, such as dogs.

The Besht took on this work with joy and endless love, so much so that in later years he told his best students that "those were the happiest days of his life." His student, the Maggid of Mezritch, reflected: "If only people would kiss the ''Sefer Torah''<ref>''Sefer Torah'' (Hebrew: "Torah scroll")</ref> with the same amount of love with which the Baal Shem Tov kissed the children when he walked them to ''cheder'' when he was a teacher's assistant."

At age 18, in 1716 (5746), the Besht proposed a new course of action to his friends from the fellowship of hidden mystics: to go from village to village and ensure each one had a teacher for the local children. In villages lacking a teacher, the hidden mystics would serve as teachers. During that period, the Besht also served as a teacher.

=== Head of the fellowship of hidden mystics ===

At age 14, in 1712 (5742), the Baal Shem Tov was inducted into the fellowship of hidden mystics, which was then under the leadership of the ''Baal Shem''<ref>''Baal Shem'' (Hebrew: "master of the name"), a title applied to those who possess a mastery of the kabbalistic names of God and His angels.</ref> Rabbi Adam of Ropshitz.

Before Rabbi Adam Baal Shem passed away, he was directed in a dream to pass on the "writings" in his possession to Israel, son of Eliezer from Okopy. He sent his son to search for R' Israel and asked him to deliver the writings because they belonged to the root of his soul, and if he agreed to study with his son, even better. After a long search, the son found a house of study watchman named Israel, who was then 14 years old. He asked R' Israel to teach him and he agreed on the condition that they make it appear that he is the student. As a result of this studying, the Besht was matched with a woman from Okopy and married. His wife passed away shortly after the wedding.

At age 18, the Baal Shem Tov was formally appointed as leader of the fellowship of hidden mystics.

On his 26th birthday, ''Achiya Hashiloni''<ref>''Achiya Hashiloni'', an ancient prophet. </ref> revealed himself to him and taught him Torah for 10 years. During this time, he disclosed the enlightenment found in ''nigleh''<ref>''Nigleh'' (Hebrew: "revealed"), the revealed aspects of the Torah. </ref> and Kabbalah as he was taught in ''Gan Eden''<ref>''Gan Eden'' Garden of Eden.</ref>. On the Besht's 36th birthday, his teacher urged him to reveal himself.

===Revelation and name===

On the 17th of Elul 1734 (5494), Achiya Hashiloni ordered the Baal Shem Tov to reveal himself to the world, and he first revealed himself in the town of Tolste. Afterward, the Baal Shem Tov began to transmit his teachings through travel and wanderings. At first, he dealt primarily with ''pidyon shvuyim,'' <ref>''Pidyon shvuyim'' (Hebrew: "ransoming of captives")</ref> strengthening Torah study and piety and disseminating the inner dimensions of the Torah. During his travels, he visited Horodenka, Kitov, Nemyriv, Sharhorod (In Yiddish: Shridgrod) in Galicia and Podolia, Polonne, Bila Tserkva, and Zaslaw in the district of Volhynia.

In the course of his travels, the Besht healed people with remedies as well as amulets. His amulets were written by the scribe Rabbi Alexander Ziskind, and later on, when demand increased, he was helped by Rabbi Tzvi Sofer, whose writings were of high value. Eventually, Rabbi Sofer remained as the sole scribe.

In contrast to the ''Baalei Shem'' who preceded him, the Baal Shem Tov did not summon the Divine names and the amulets he distributed did not contain the Divine names. For that reason, amongst others, his name differed from other ''Baalei Shem'', with the addition of the word ''Tov''<ref>''Tov'' (Hebrew: :good")</ref>.

In the year 1740 (5500), the Baal Shem Tov moved to Medzhybizh, where admirers and ''chassidim''<ref>''Chassidim'' are followers or adherents.</ref> began to congregate around him, among them many great Torah scholars and well-known ''tzaddikim''. The Besht studied ''Gemarah'' with his students. The class was sharp and brilliant and also included the study of the ''Rambam,'' ''Rif'' and the rest of the commentators known as ''Rishonim,'' as applicable to the relevant ''Gemarah''. The Baal Shem Tov translated the words from Hebrew or Aramaic to Yiddish.

During that same period, the Baal Shem Tov was also planning to move to the Land of Israel, a place that loomed large in his teachings, but his plans did not come to fruition.

=== Ascent to the chamber of Moshiach ===

On ''Rosh Hashanah'' 1746 (5507), the Baal Shem Tov experienced an ascent of the soul to the higher realms, which he related at length in the manuscript known as ''Igeret HaGeulah''. During the ascent, the King Moshiach told him that his arrival depended on the spreading of wellsprings of ''Chassidut''. The Besht himself wrote a description of the ascent and the words of the King Moshiach in a letter he sent to his brother-in-law R' Gershon Kitover, and it said the following:

As you know, on Rosh Hashanah 1746 (5507), I experienced an ascent of the soul through an oath, and I saw wonderful things in a vision, things I had not seen before, since the day I gained awareness... and I ascended step after step until I entered the hall of Moshiach where Moshiach was studying Torah with all the ''Tannaim''<ref>''Tannaim'' (Amoraic Hebrew: "repeaters") sages who lived before and after the Second Temple period.</ref> and ''tzaddikim'' as well as the ''7 shepherds'', and there I witnessed a great joy... and I asked Moshiach: "Eimatai ati mar (when will the Master come)?" And he replied: "You will know when your teachings will be publicized and revealed through the world, and your wellsprings will burst forth, all that I have taught you and you have understood,
and they should also be able to perform unifications and elevations like you, and then all ''kelipot''<ref>''Kelipot' (Hebrew: "shells") the outer covering that conceals G-d's light.</ref> will stop existing and there will be an ''et ratzon''<ref>''Et ratzon'' (Hebrew: a time of favor") a time of Heavenly mercy.</ref> and salvation." I wondered about this and experienced great sorrow over the length of time it would take for this to take place.

— From the epilogue of the book ''Ben Porat Yosef'', also printed in the prologue to the book ''Keter Shem Tov''.

During his time of sorrow, the Besht shed tears from his eyes.

=== Victory over the Frankists ===

On the 26th of Tammuz 1759 (5519), the Baal Shem Tov achieved victory over the ''Frankists'' in the city of Lviv. In letters discovered in the ''Kherson genizah'' it was found that the Besht and his students declared this day a festival. In a letter from the 8th of Kislev 1760 (5520), the Lubavitcher Rebbe replied to an individual who asked why this day is not celebrated every year, saying he had not heard an elucidation on the subject, but he thinks it is because, by the following year, the Baal Shem Tov had already passed away (in 1760).

== Methodology ==

The Besht innovated and highlighted many points with his approach. The point of his ''chiddushim''<ref>''Chiddushim'' (Hebrew: "innovations")</ref> was to discover the source, the essence of every single thing. In other words, what is its purpose, its goal, its source, and where does it lead? In this manner, he discovered the essence of the world's creation: ''constant creation'' by the Almighty, blessed be He. So, too, he discovered what exactly is a Jew, a person who is united in purpose with ''atzmut ein sof'' (and since this factor is particularly visible in simple Jews, he drew more of them close), and he particularly encouraged pure ''Ahavat Israel'' for every jew from the essence of one's soul. In this manner, he also uncovered the substance of ''klipat nogah'' (see ''Tanya Chapter 6'') and more.

=== Divine Providence ===

The Baal Shem Tov's approach to Divine Providence can be summarized in the well-known saying, "The Master of the world is found in every single movement." The Baal Shem Tov explains that even in a place where the ''concealment'' is great, the Master of the World is present.

A well-known parable related by the Baal Shem Tov is found in his grandson's book, ''HaDegel Machane Efraim''. It concerns a king who surrounded himself with seven fearsome walls, each one more fortified than the previous. Many attempted to scale or destroy the walls but none succeeded. Only the king's son, who knew his father had not abandoned him, dedicated his life to getting past all the walls. Once he had gotten past them, he realized it was all an illusion; there were no walls and nothing preventing anyone from approaching the king. The lesson is that when a Jew truly believes that G-d is close to him, all that is concealed will be revealed.

The Baal Shem Tov has a well-known saying that the concealment itself comes from the Almighty, as it says "Yet I will keep My countenance hidden." In any case, the punishment is that this very reality is hidden: the fact that the concealment is a concealment.

{{Reflist}}

Help:Welcome

2024-07-07T02:14:29Z

Leibel K.: Linked a word

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